Gabazine

Gabazine (SR-95531) is a drug that acts as an antagonist at GABAA receptors. It is used in scientific research and has no role in medicine, as it would be expected to produce convulsions if used in humans.[1]

Gabazine
Gabazine bromide
Clinical data
ATC code
  • none
Identifiers
IUPAC name
  • 2-(3-carboxypropyl)-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydropyridazin-3-iminium bromide
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC15H18BrN3O3
Molar mass368.226 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
SMILES
  • [Br-].C(=O)(O)CCCN1N=C(C=CC1=[NH2+])C1=CC=C(C=C1)OC
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C15H17N3O3.BrH/c1-21-12-6-4-11(5-7-12)13-8-9-14(16)18(17-13)10-2-3-15(19)20;/h4-9,16H,2-3,10H2,1H3,(H,19,20);1H Y
  • Key:GFZHNFOGCMEYTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
  (verify)

Gabazine binds to the GABA recognition site of the receptor-channel complex and acts as an allosteric inhibitor of channel opening.[2] The net effect is to reduce GABA-mediated synaptic inhibition by inhibiting chloride flux across the cell membrane, and thus inhibiting neuronal hyperpolarization. While phasic (synaptic) inhibition is gabazine-sensitive, tonic (extrasynaptic) inhibition is relatively gabazine-insensitive.[3]

Gabazine has been found to bind to and antagonize α4βδ subunit-containing GABAA receptors, which may represent the GHB receptor.[4]

References
  1. Behrens, CJ; Van Den Boom, LP; Heinemann, U (2007). "Effects of the GABA(A) receptor antagonists bicuculline and gabazine on stimulus-induced sharp wave-ripple complexes in adult rat hippocampus in vitro". The European Journal of Neuroscience. 25 (7): 2170–81. doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05462.x. PMID 17419756. S2CID 85328190.
  2. Ueno, S; Bracamontes, J; Zorumski, C; Weiss, DS; Steinbach, JH (1997). "Bicuculline and gabazine are allosteric inhibitors of channel opening of the GABAA receptor". The Journal of Neuroscience. 17 (2): 625–34. doi:10.1523/jneurosci.17-02-00625.1997. PMC 6573228. PMID 8987785.
  3. Yeung, JY; Canning, KJ; Zhu, G; Pennefather, P; MacDonald, JF; Orser, BA (2003). "Tonically activated GABAA receptors in hippocampal neurons are high-affinity, low-conductance sensors for extracellular GABA". Molecular Pharmacology. 63 (1): 2–8. doi:10.1124/mol.63.1.2. PMID 12488530. S2CID 6827514.
  4. Absalom N, Eghorn LF, Villumsen IS, Karim N, Bay T, Olsen JV, Knudsen GM, Bräuner-Osborne H, Frølund B, Clausen RP, Chebib M, Wellendorph P (2012). "α4βδ GABA(A) receptors are high-affinity targets for γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB)". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 109 (33): 13404–9. Bibcode:2012PNAS..10913404A. doi:10.1073/pnas.1204376109. PMC 3421209. PMID 22753476.


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