Papaveretum
Papaveretum (BAN) is a preparation containing a mixture of hydrochloride salts of opium alkaloids.[1] Since 1993, papaveretum has been defined in the British Pharmacopoeia (BP) as a mixture of 253 parts morphine hydrochloride, 23 parts papaverine hydrochloride, and 20 parts codeine hydrochloride.[2] It is commonly marketed to medical agencies under the trade name Omnopon.
| Combination of | |
|---|---|
| Morphine | Opioid analgesic |
| Papaverine | Antispasmodic |
| Codeine | Opioid analgesic |
| Clinical data | |
| Trade names | Omnopon |
| ATC code | |
| Identifiers | |
| PubChem CID | |
Although the use of papaveretum is now relatively uncommon following the wide availability of single-component opiates and synthetic opioids (e.g. pethidine), it is still used to relieve moderate to severe pain and for pre-operative sedation. In clinical settings, papaveretum is usually administered to patients via subcutaneous, intramuscular, or intravenous routes. Additionally, the morphine syrettes found in combat medical kits issued to military personnel actually contain Omnopon.
Prior to 1993, papaveretum also contained noscapine, though this component was removed from the BP formulation due to the genotoxic potential of noscapine.
References
- Lewis KE (2002). "Analgesic Drugs". In Pinnock C, Lin T, Smith T, Jones R (eds.). Fundamentals of Anaesthesia (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 626. ISBN 978-1-84110-122-4.
- Sweetman SC, ed. (November 30, 2004). Martindale: The complete drug reference (34th ed.). London: Pharmaceutical Press. ISBN 0-85369-550-4.