U+77DC, 矜
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-77DC

[U+77DB]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+77DD]

Translingual

Han character

(radical 110, +4, 9 strokes, cangjie input 弓竹人戈弓 (NHOIN), four-corner 18227, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 822, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 23852
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1233, character 29
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2764, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+77DC

Chinese

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*kʰl'uːm
*l̥ʰuːmʔ
*l̥ʰuːms, *luːms
*qʰɯːm, *qlamʔ, *qlɯːms
*qʰɯːm
*qʰɯːm
*qʰɯːm, *ɡɯːms
*ɡɯːm
*ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
*ɡɯːm, *ɡɯːmʔ
*ɡɯːm
*ɡɯːm
*ɡɯːm
*ɡɯːmʔ, *ɡɯːms
*ɡɯːms
*ɡɯːms
*qɯːm, *qaːb
*qɯːm, *qrɯːms
*krɯːm
*qʰrɯːm, *kʰjam, *qʰlɯːm, *ɡrɯms
*qʰrɯːmʔ, *qʰram, *kʰlam, *kʰlamʔ, *qʰlɯːm
*ɡram, *ɡrɯm
*ɡram
*ɡram
*ɡram, *ɡrɯm
*nɯːms
*sɡɯm, *sɡrɯm
*sɢrɯm
*sɡrɯm
*sɡrɯm, *ɡrɯms
*sɡrɯm
*ɡjɯms
*krɯm
*krɯm
*krɯm
*kʰrɯm
*kʰrɯmʔ
*kʰrɯms
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯm
*ɡrɯms
*ŋɡrɯm, *ŋɡrɯms
*ŋɡrɯm
*qʰrɯm, *qʰrɯmʔ
*qrɯm
*qrɯmʔ, *qrɯms
*qrɯms
*qrɯms
*ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ

Corrupted from , which is a Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡrɯn, *ɡɯn, *kɯŋ) : semantic  (spear) + phonetic  (OC *ren, *reŋ, *reŋs, *reːŋ, *reːŋs). Modern Mandarin pronunciation follows the corrupted phonetic part (jīn).

Etymology 1

trad.
simp. #

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/3
Initial () (28)
Final () (133)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɨŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/kɨŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/kieŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kiŋ/
Li
Rong
/kiəŋ/
Wang
Li
/kĭəŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ki̯əŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jīng
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
jīn jīn
Middle
Chinese
‹ king › ‹ king ›
Old
Chinese
/*k-riŋ/ (dialect: *k-r- > k-, *-iŋ > MC -ing) /*k-riŋ/
English pity (v.) boastful

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 3/3
No. 6631
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kɯŋ/

Definitions

  1. to pity; to feel sorry for; to show sympathy for

Compounds

  • 不矜
  • 不矜不伐
  • 不矜名節不矜名节
  • 不矜細行不矜细行
  • 剛而自矜刚而自矜
  • 可矜
  • 哀矜
  • 奮矜奋矜
  • 好自矜誇好自矜夸
  • 弔詭矜奇吊诡矜奇
  • 恃才矜己
  • 棘矜
  • 矜人
  • 矜伐
  • 矜免
  • 矜功
  • 矜功不立
  • 矜功伐善
  • 矜功恃寵矜功恃宠
  • 矜功自伐
  • 矜功負勝矜功负胜
  • 矜功負氣矜功负气
  • 矜名嫉能
  • 矜哀
  • 矜奇立異矜奇立异
  • 矜寵矜宠
  • 矜己任智
  • 矜己自飾矜己自饰
  • 矜式
  • 矜張矜张
  • 矜張顯著矜张显著
  • 矜恤
  • 矜惜
  • 矜愍
  • 矜憫矜悯
  • 矜才使氣矜才使气
  • 矜持 (jīnchí)
  • 矜智負能矜智负能
  • 矜滿矜满
  • 矜矜
  • 矜矜業業矜矜业业
  • 矜糾收繚矜纠收缭
  • 矜育
  • 矜能負才矜能负才
  • 矜莊矜庄
  • 矜誇矜夸
  • 矜貧恤獨矜贫恤独
  • 矜貧救厄矜贫救厄
  • 矜貴矜贵 (jīnguì)
  • 矜重
  • 矜鑒矜鉴
  • 矜飾矜饰
  • 自矜 (zìjīn)
  • 驕矜骄矜 (jiāojīn)
  • 驕矜狂妄骄矜狂妄
  • 驕矜自喜骄矜自喜

Etymology 2

trad.
simp. #
variant forms 𥎊

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/3 3/3
Initial () (30) (30)
Final () (44) (57)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () Chongniu III III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɡˠiɪn/ /ɡɨn/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɡᵚin/ /ɡɨn/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɡien/ /ɡiən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/gjin/ /gɨn/
Li
Rong
/ɡjĕn/ /ɡiən/
Wang
Li
/ɡǐĕn/ /ɡĭən/
Bernard
Karlgren
/gi̯ĕn/ /gi̯ən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
qín qín
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 3/3
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
qín
Middle
Chinese
‹ gin ›
Old
Chinese
/*ɡriŋ/
English kind of lance

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/3 2/3
No. 6629 6630
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1
Corresponding
MC rime
𥎊
Old
Chinese
/*ɡrɯn/ /*ɡɯn/
Notes 𥎊 𥎊

Definitions

  1. handle of a spear

Etymology 3

trad.
simp. #

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. Alternative form of (guān, “old man with no wife”).
  2. Alternative form of (“to be ill”).

Compounds

  • 矜寡孤獨矜寡孤独

Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. pride
  2. respect

Readings


Korean

Hanja

(geung, geun) (hangeul 긍, , revised geung, geun, McCuneReischauer kŭng, kŭn, Yale kung, kun)

  1. pity
  2. feel sorry for
  3. show sympathy for
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