驚

See also: 惊
驚 U+9A5A, 驚
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9A5A
← 驙
[U+9A59] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 驛 →
[U+9A5B]

Translingual

Han character

驚 (radical 187, 馬+12, 22 strokes, cangjie input 廿大尸手火 (TKSQF), four-corner 48327, composition ⿱敬馬)

Descendants

References
  • KangXi: page 1446, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45013
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1970, character 18
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4576, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+9A5A

Chinese
trad. 驚
simp. 惊*

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 驚
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (敬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蟼 *kraː, *kreŋ, *kreŋʔ
憼 *kaŋʔ, *kreŋʔ
驚 *kreŋ
警 *kreŋʔ
儆 *kreŋʔ, *ɡreŋs
璥 *keŋʔ
檠 *kreŋʔ, *ɡreŋ, *ɡreŋs
敬 *kreŋs
擎 *ɡreŋ
曔 *ɡreŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kreŋ) : phonetic 敬 (OC *kreŋs) + semantic 馬, as horses are skittish (easily startled).

Pronunciation
Note:
  • geng1 - vernacular;
  • ging1 - literary.
Note:
  • giăng - vernacular;
  • gĭng - literary.
Note:
  • kiaⁿ - vernacular;
  • keⁿ/kiⁿ - vernacular (limited use, e.g. 驚蟄);
  • keng - literary.
Rime
Character 驚
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 庚 (111)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 舉卿切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kˠiæŋ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kᵚiaŋ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kiaŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kiajŋ/
Li
Rong		 /kiɐŋ/
Wang
Li		 /kĭɐŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ki̯ɐŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jīng
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 驚
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jīng
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kjæng ›
Old
Chinese		 /*kreŋ/
English be afraid

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 驚
Reading # 1/1
No. 6877
Phonetic
component		 敬
Rime
group		 耕
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 驚
Old
Chinese		 /*kreŋ/

Definitions

驚

  1. to fear; to be afraid
  2. (of a horse etc.) to be startled; to shy
  3. to frighten; to scare
  4. scary; frightening
  5. fearfully; I'm afraid that ...
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 害怕 (“to fear; to be afraid of”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 懼, 畏, 恐, 怯, 驚, 惶, 悚, 懾, 恇
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 害怕, 懼怕, 畏懼
Mandarin Beijing 害怕
Taiwan 害怕, 怕
Harbin 害怕, 發毛
Jinan 害怕, 怕, 打怵
Muping 害怕, 怵
Luoyang 害怕, 怕
Wanrong 驚
Xi'an 害怕, 怕, 怯火
Xuzhou 嫌怕, 打怵
Yinchuan 害怕, 嚇
Lanzhou 害怕, 怯, 怯乎, 怯豁
Ürümqi 害怕
Wuhan 嚇不過, 怕
Chengdu 害怕, 虛火, 虛
Guiyang 害怕, 怕
Liuzhou 慌
Yangzhou 害怕, 怕, 怕懼, 懼乎
Nanjing 嚇怕, 怕
Hefei 怕
Cantonese Guangzhou 驚, 怕, 慌, 窒
Hong Kong 驚, 怕, 慌
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 狂
Foshan 驚, 窒
Shunde 慌
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 驚
Doumen (Shangheng Tanka) 驚
Taishan 𢗉
Kaiping (Chikan) 𢗉
Dongguan 狂
Shaoguan 驚, 窒
Yunfu 怕, 驚
Yangjiang 𢗉
Xinyi 狂
Lianjiang 驚
Kuala Lumpur 驚
Gan Nanchang 怕
Lichuan 怕
Hakka Meixian 驚, 怕畏, 畏, 怕
Changting 怕
Wuping 怕
Ninghua 怕
Yudu 怕
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 驚
Liudui (S. Sixian) 驚
Hsinchu (Hailu) 驚
Dongshi (Dabu) 驚
Hsinchu (Raoping) 驚
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 驚
Hong Kong 狂
Sabah 狂
Senai 狂
Singkawang 驚
Huizhou Jixi 怕, 嚇
Jin Taiyuan 害怕, 怕
Xinzhou 著怕, 怕
Min Bei Jian'ou 驚, 怕, 怯, 畏
Dikou 驚
Songxi 驚
Zhenghe 驚
Zhenqian 驚
Jianyang 驚
Wuyishan 嚇
Shibei 嚇
Min Dong Fuzhou 驚
Changle 驚
Fuqing 驚
Yongtai 驚
Gutian 驚
Fu'an 驚
Ningde 驚
Shouning 驚
Zhouning 驚
Fuding 驚
Min Nan Xiamen 驚, 驚惶, 懾, 懾屎
Quanzhou 驚, 懾, 懾屎
Zhangzhou 驚, 驚惶, 懾
Taipei 驚
Kaohsiung 驚
Tainan 驚
Taichung 驚
Wuqi 驚惶
Hsinchu 驚
Taitung 驚
Lukang 驚
Yilan 驚
Magong 驚
Penang 驚
Chaozhou 驚
Johor Bahru 驚
Haikou 驚
Leizhou 驚
Puxian Min Putian 驚
Pinghua Nanning 狂, 怕
Wu Shanghai 怕, 嚇
Suzhou 怕, 嚇
Hangzhou 怕, 嚇, 慌, 怕慌, 發毛
Wenzhou 怕, 嚇
Chongming 嚇
Danyang 怕
Jinhua 光
Ningbo 怕, 嚇
Xiang Changsha 怕, 畏怯
Shuangfeng 怕
Loudi 怕

Compounds
Derived terms from 驚

Japanese

Kanji
驚

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived terms

Readings

Korean

Hanja

驚 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)

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Vietnamese

Han character

驚 (kinh)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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