COVID-19 vaccination in mainland China

COVID-19 vaccination in mainland China
COVID-19 vaccine doses administered in mainland China.
Date22 July 2020 (2020-07-22) – present
Location China
CauseCOVID-19 pandemic in mainland China
TargetImmunization against COVID-19
Organized byJoint Prevention and Control Mechanism in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic of the State Council
(headquartered at National Health Commission)
Participants3,491,077,000[1] (total doses administered)
Outcome1,310,292,000[1] (total vaccinated)
1,276,760,000[1] (fully vaccinated)
Part of a series on the
COVID-19 pandemic
Scientifically accurate atomic model of the external structure of SARS-CoV-2. Each "ball" is an atom.
Scientifically accurate atomic model of the external structure of SARS-CoV-2. Each "ball" is an atom.
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COVID-19 vaccination in mainland China is an ongoing immunization campaign against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in mainland China, in response to the ongoing pandemic in the region.

As of July 2022, it is estimated that about 89.7% of the country's population has received a vaccine, and about 56% of the population has received a booster dose.[2]

Administration

In June 2020, the Sinopharm BIBP vaccine (BBIBP-CorV) was authorized for emergency use in China. On July 22, Chinese authorities started the emergency use of COVID-19 vaccines.[3]

On December 15, 2020, the COVID-19 vaccination for people under high risk started in China.[4] On December 19, 2020, the National Health Commission (NHC) said that there has been 1 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine administered in China as of the day, and no serious adverse reactions were observed.[5]

On December 31, 2020, NHC announced that the Sinopharm BIBP vaccine has been approved through the conditional marketing authorization process, and more than 3 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine has been administered in China.[6] At the same time, NHC declares that COVID-19 vaccination is free to Chinese citizens.[7]

On January 27, 2021, NHC said that the vaccination is being carried out in order, and there has been 22.767 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine administered in China as of January 26.[8]

On March 1, 2021, Zhong Nanshan said that the vaccination rate of COVID-19 vaccine in China was currently 3.56%, and the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention hoped the rate reach 40% by the end of June 2021.[9]

Since late March 2021, the authorities has accelerated the promotion of free COVID-19 vaccination for the whole population.[4] On March 22, 2021, Sun Chunlan, the Vice Premier of the State Council, stated that COVID-19 vaccination in China should be accelerated and the vaccination rate should be increased.[10] On March 24, 2021, NHC announced that the number doses of COVID-19 vaccine administered will be daily reported on its website and social media account since that day.[11] On March 29, 2021, NHC released the first version of the COVID-19 Vaccine Technology Guide.[12]

On April 21, 2021, NHC stated that more than 200 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine has been administered in China, and 80% of doctors and nurses has been vaccinated.[13]

On May 14, 2021, NHC restated that the COVID-19 administration progress should be accelerated due to the proportion of mutated SARS-CoV-2 and the re-appearance of local cases.[14]

On June 19, 2021, NHC announced that more than 1.01489 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccine has been administered in China.[15]

While public authorities have mandated lockdowns and mandatory mass testing for areas with infection, there has not been any rule to making vaccination mandatory. Some facilities within China have made vaccination mandatory for entry, including things like movie theatres, fitness centres, internet bars, museums and libraries.[16]

In July 2022, according to official figures, while 89% had received 2 doses, only 56% of eligible people had received a booster dose. Furthermore, this was even lower among vulnerable elderly age groups, with only 19.7% of people over the age of 80 having received a booster dose. According to BBC reporting, this may have been attributed to public confidence in the ability of authorities to control outbreaks, the narrative presented by public authorities within China that the virus was mainly an overseas problem as well as some doctors within China who warned vulnerable people of the health risks of the vaccine.[16]

Doses of COVID-19 vaccine administrated in mainland China
As ofDoses administrated
(in million)		References
Dec 19
(2020)		>1[5]
Dec 31
(2020)		>3[6]
Jan 27
(2021)		22.767[8]
Feb 940.52[17]
Mar 1564.98[18]
Mar 28102.417[DR 1]
Apr 21204.191[DR 2]
May 7308.226[DR 3]
May 16406.938[DR 4]
May 23510.858[DR 5]
May 28602.991[DR 6]
Jun 2704.826[DR 7]
Jun 8808.962[DR 8]
Jun 14904.134[DR 9]
Jun 191,010.489[DR 10]
Jun 241,120.643[DR 11]
Jun 281,206.714[DR 12]
July 41,305.499[DR 13]
July 141,414.609[DR 14]
July 221,507.605[DR 15]
July 281,601.249[DR 16]
August 31,708.356[DR 17]
August 101,808.092[DR 18]
August 181,900.127[DR 19]
August 262,003.914[DR 20]

Vaccines

As of November 21, 2022, seven vaccines have been approved in mainland China through conditional marketing authorization or emergency use authorization.

In 2021 Nature reported that "studies have questioned the length of protection" that domestic vaccines such as CoronaVac and Sinopharm offer, especially when compared to mRNA vaccines.[19] A 2022 meta-analysis found about 65% vaccine effectiveness against infection for CoronoVac, compared with about 90% for Pfizer and 98% for Moderna.[20] Some analysts have criticized China's reluctance to import mRNA vaccines.[21]

Vaccine Type Made by Origin Dose required for vaccination Effective rate (Phase III) Approval Deployment WHO Listed
Sinopharm BIBP Inactivated Beijing Institute of Biological Products China 2 doses[22] 78.1%[23] Conditional
(December 31, 2020)[24]		 December 31, 2020 May 7, 2021
CoronaVac Inactivated Sinovac Biotech China 2 doses[22] 50.7% - 83.5%[25][26] Conditional
(February 5, 2021)[27]		 February 5, 2021 June 1, 2021
Sinopharm WIBP Inactivated Wuhan Institute of Biological Products China 2 doses[22] 72.8%[23] Conditional
(February 25, 2021)[28]		 February 25, 2021
KCONVAC Inactivated Kangtai Biological Products Co. Ltd. China 2 doses[22] N/A EUA
(May 14, 2021)[29]		 June 1, 2021
Covidful Inactivated Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences China 2 doses[22] N/A EUA
(June 9, 2021)[30]		 June 9, 2021
Convidecia Viral vector CanSino China 1 dose[22] 65.7%[31] Conditional
(February 25, 2021)[32]		 February 25, 2021 May 19, 2022[33]
ZIFIVAX Subunit Zhifei Bio-tech China 3 doses[22] 82%[34][35] EUA
(March 10, 2021)[36]		 March 10, 2021

The Pfizer–BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine, agented by Fosun Pharma in mainland China, is waiting for approval.[37]

Vaccine Type Made by Origin Dose required for vaccination Effective rate (Phase III) Approval Deployment WHO Listed
Comirnaty mRNA BioNTech and Fosun Pharma Germany Waiting for Approval[37] December 31, 2020

See also

References

Daily reports on COVID-19 vaccination
  1. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-03-29). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况". Archived from the original on 30 March 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  2. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-04-22). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
  3. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-05-08). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
  4. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-05-17). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
  5. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-05-24). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
  6. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-05-29). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况". Archived from the original on 30 May 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  7. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-06-03). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
  8. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-06-09). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
  9. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-06-15). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
  10. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-06-20). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
  11. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-06-25). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
  12. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-06-29). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况". Archived from the original on 30 June 2021. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
  13. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-07-05). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
  14. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-07-15). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况". Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
  15. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-07-23). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况". Archived from the original on 24 July 2021. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
  16. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-07-29). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
  17. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-08-04). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况". Archived from the original on 5 August 2021. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
  18. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-08-11). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况". Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 31 August 2021.
  19. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-08-19). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
  20. ↑ National Health Commission (2021-08-27). "新冠病毒疫苗接种情况".
News and Articles
  1. 1 2 3 Ritchie, Hannah; Mathieu, Edouard; Rodés-Guirao, Lucas; Appel, Cameron; Giattino, Charlie; Ortiz-Ospina, Esteban; Hasell, Joe; Macdonald, Bobbie; Beltekian, Diana; Dattani, Saloni; Roser, Max (2020–2022). "Coronavirus Pandemic (COVID-19)". Our World in Data. Retrieved 2023-11-25.
  2. ↑ Liu, Roxanne; Tian, Yew Lun (24 July 2022). "Two years after drive began, China reveals Xi Jinping received local COVID vaccine". The Age. Fairfax Media. Archived from the original on 24 July 2022. Retrieved 24 July 2022.
  3. ↑ "中国于7月22日启动新冠疫苗紧急使用 接种人数超2万". Jiefang Daily. 2020-08-23. Archived from the original on 24 August 2020. Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  4. 1 2 陈席元; 徐鹏航 (2021-06-20). "十亿来之不易，你我仍需努力". Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 2021-06-23.
  5. 1 2 "目前累计已完成100多万剂次新冠疫苗紧急接种 未出现严重不良反应". SCIO. 2020-12-19. Archived from the original on 2 May 2021. Retrieved 2021-04-02.
  6. 1 2 "中国首度正式批准新冠疫苗上市 大规模接种或将迅速展开". BBC.com. Archived from the original on 2020-12-31. Retrieved 2020-12-31.
  7. ↑ "中国新冠疫苗全民免费提供，关于疫苗的最权威信息都在这". The Beijing News. Archived from the original on 2021-01-12. Retrieved 2020-12-31.
  8. 1 2 彭韵佳 王琳琳 (2021-01-27). "目前我国已接种新冠疫苗2276.7万剂次". Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on 3 June 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  9. ↑ "钟南山：中国疫苗接种率为3.56%，计划6月底达40%". Guancha.cn. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 2021-03-16.
  10. ↑ "孙春兰出席全国新冠病毒疫苗接种工作电视电话会议并讲话". Xinhua. 2021-03-22. Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 2021-04-27 – via the State Council.
  11. ↑ "中国今起开始日报冠病疫苗接种数量". Lianhe Zaobao. 2021-03-24. Archived from the original on 24 April 2021. Retrieved 2021-03-25.
  12. ↑ NHC Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention (2021-03-29). "新冠病毒疫苗接种技术指南（第一版）". National Health Commission. Retrieved 2021-04-03.
  13. ↑ "全国新冠疫苗接种超2亿剂次". Chinanews.com. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 2021-04-23.
  14. ↑ "国家卫健委：5月至今新增境外输入确诊病例142例 必须加快推进新冠疫苗接种". People.com.cn. 2021-05-14. Archived from the original on 14 May 2021. Retrieved 2021-05-14.
  15. ↑ "权威快报|全国新冠疫苗接种剂次超10亿". Xinhuanet.com. Xinhua News Agency. 2021-06-20. Archived from the original on 2022-05-25. Retrieved 2023-02-11.
  16. 1 2 https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/chinese-news-62089752 Archived 2023-01-11 at the Wayback Machine, BBC, 中国新冠病毒"清零"政策对习近平造成危险, retrieved July 12th 2022
  17. ↑ 张曼玉 (2021-02-10). "全国累计报告接种新冠疫苗4052万剂次，现有本土确诊病例连续15天下降". China Youth Daily. Archived from the original on 28 June 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  18. ↑ 彭韵佳 王琳琳 (2021-03-15). "我国新冠疫苗接种已达6498万人次". Xinhua News Agency. Archived from the original on 23 April 2021. Retrieved 22 June 2021.
  19. ↑ Mallapaty, Smriti (14 October 2021). "China's COVID vaccines have been crucial — now immunity is waning". Nature. 598 (7881): 398–399. doi:10.1038/d41586-021-02796-w. PMID 34650240. S2CID 238990258. Archived from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
  20. ↑ Zheng, Caifang; Shao, Weihao; Chen, Xiaorui; Zhang, Bowen; Wang, Gaili; Zhang, Weidong (January 2022). "Real-world effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines: a literature review and meta-analysis". International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 114: 252–260. doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2021.11.009. PMC 8595975. PMID 34800687. S2CID 244134232.
  21. ↑ "Zero-Covid policy: why is China still having severe lockdowns?". the Guardian. 29 November 2022. Archived from the original on 29 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
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  23. 1 2 Al Kaabi, Nawal; Zhang, Yuntao; Xia, Shengli; Yang, Yunkai; Al Qahtani, Manaf M.; Abdulrazzaq, Najiba; Al Nusair, Majed; Hassany, Mohamed; Jawad, Jaleela S. (2021-05-26). "Effect of 2 Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines on Symptomatic COVID-19 Infection in Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial". JAMA. 326 (1): 35–45. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.8565. ISSN 0098-7484. PMC 8156175. PMID 34037666.
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  28. ↑ "国家药监局附条件批准国药中生武汉公司新型冠状病毒灭活疫苗（Vero细胞）注册申请". National Medical Products Administration. 2021-02-25. Archived from the original on 2 March 2021. Retrieved 2021-02-25.
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  30. ↑ UDN (2021-06-09). "中國大陸再有一新冠病毒滅活疫苗上市使用". UDN (in 中文（臺灣）). Archived from the original on 10 June 2021. Retrieved 2021-06-10.
  31. ↑ "CanSinoBIO's COVID-19 vaccine 65.7% effective in global trials, Pakistan official says". Reuters. 2021-02-08. Archived from the original on 24 March 2021. Retrieved 2021-02-08.
  32. ↑ "中国国家药监局附条件批准国药集团武汉和康希诺两公司新冠疫苗注册申请". Reuters. 2021-02-06. Archived from the original on 28 June 2021. Retrieved 2021-06-23.
  33. ↑ "Who Validates 11TH Vaccine for COVID-19". WHO. 2022-05-19. Archived from the original on 2022-05-19. Retrieved 2022-06-09.
  34. ↑ "New Chinese vaccine shows 82% effectiveness against serious Covid-19". The Straits Times. 2021-08-27. Archived from the original on 30 August 2021. Retrieved 2021-08-30.
  35. ↑ "Chinese three-shot vaccine nearly 82 per cent effective, says maker". South China Morning Post. 2021-08-28. Archived from the original on 30 August 2021. Retrieved 2021-08-30.
  36. ↑ "新冠疫苗｜智飛生物與中科院微生物所合作研發產品獲批緊急使用". HK01 (in 中文（香港）). 2021-03-16. Archived from the original on 3 May 2021. Retrieved 2021-04-03.
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