Foreign relations of Armenia

Since its independence, Armenia has maintained a policy of trying to have positive and friendly relations with Iran, Russia, and the West, including the United States and the European Union.[1] It has full membership status in a number of international organizations, such as the Council of Europe and the Eurasian Economic Union, and observer status, etc. in some others. However, the dispute over the Armenian genocide of 1915 and the ongoing Nagorno-Karabakh conflict have created tense relations with two of its immediate neighbors, Azerbaijan and Turkey.

Nations with which Armenia has diplomatic relations.

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs implements the foreign policy agenda of the Government of Armenia and organizes and manages diplomatic services abroad. Since August 2021, Ararat Mirzoyan serves as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Armenia.

Foreign relations

Armenia is a member of more than 70 different international organizations, including the following:

Armenia is also an observer member of the ASEAN Inter-Parliamentary Assembly, the Community of Democratic Choice, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Organization of American States, the Pacific Alliance,[2] the Arab League, the Community of Democracies,[3] a dialogue partner in the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation, and a regional member of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank.

Armenian genocide recognition

  Countries that officially recognize the events as genocide.
  Countries where certain political parties, provinces or municipalities have recognized the events as genocide, independently from the government as a whole.
  Countries that explicitly deny that there was an Armenian genocide.

As of 2023, 34 states have officially recognized the historical events as genocide. Parliaments of countries that recognize the Armenian genocide include Argentina, Armenia, Austria, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Cyprus, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Latvia, Lebanon, Libya, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, Paraguay, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, United States, Uruguay, Vatican City and Venezuela.[4] Additionally, some regional governments of countries recognize the Armenian genocide too, such as New South Wales and South Australia in Australia[5][6] as well as Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales in the United Kingdom.[7][8] US House Resolution 106 was introduced on 30 January 2007, and later referred to the House Committee on Foreign Affairs. The bill has 225 co-sponsors.[9] The bill called for former President George W. Bush to recognize and use the word genocide in his annual 24 April speech which he never used. His successor President Barack Obama expressed his desire to recognize the Armenian genocide during the electoral campaigns,[10] but after being elected, did not use the word "genocide" to describe the events that occurred in 1915.[11] The US House of Representatives formally recognized the Armenian genocide with House Resolution 296 on 29 October 2019.[12] The United States Senate unanimously recognized the genocide with Senate Resolution 150 on 12 December 2019.[13] In 2021, President Joe Biden became the first U.S. president to formally recognize the Armenian genocide.[14] As of 2022, all 50 U.S. states have also recognized the events as genocide.

Disputes

Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

Armenia provides political, material and military support to the Republic of Artsakh in the longstanding Nagorno-Karabakh conflict.

The current conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh began in 1988 when Armenian demonstrations against Azerbaijani rule broke out in Nagorno–Karabakh and later in Armenia. The Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast voted to secede from Azerbaijan and join Armenia. Soon, violence broke out against Armenians in Azerbaijan and Azeris in Armenia. In 1990, after violent episodes in Nagorno–Karabakh and Azerbaijani cities like Baku, Sumgait and Kirovabad, Moscow declared a state of emergency in Karabakh, sending troops to the region, and forcibly occupied Baku, killing over a hundred civilians. In April 1991, Azerbaijani militia and Soviet forces targeted Armenian populations in Karabakh, known as Operation Ring. Moscow also deployed troops to Yerevan. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, conflict escalated into a full-scale war between the Nagorno-Karabakh Republic (supported by Armenia), and Azerbaijan. Military action was influenced by the Russian military, which manipulated the rivalry between the two neighbouring sides in order to keep both under control.

More than 30,000 people were killed in the fighting during the period of 1988 to 1994. In May 1992, Armenian forces seized Shusha and Lachin (thereby linking Nagorno-Karabakh to Armenia). By October 1993, Armenian forces succeeded in taking almost all of former NKAO, Lachin and large areas in southwestern Azerbaijan. In 1993, the UN Security Council adopted four resolutions calling for the cessation of hostilities, unimpeded access for international humanitarian relief efforts, and the eventual deployment of a peacekeeping force in the region. Fighting continued, however, until May 1994 at which time Russia brokered a cease-fire between the three sides.

Negotiations to resolve the conflict peacefully have been ongoing since 1992 under the Minsk Group of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe. The Minsk Group is co-chaired by Russia, France, and the United States and has representation from Turkey, the U.S., several European nations, Armenia and Azerbaijan. Despite the 1994 cease-fire, sporadic violations, sniper-fire and land mine incidents continue to claim over 100 lives each year.[15]

Since 1997, the Minsk Group co-chairs have presented three proposals to serve as a framework for resolving the conflict. Each proposal was rejected. Beginning in 1999, the presidents of Azerbaijan and Armenia initiated a direct dialogue through a series of face-to-face meetings, often facilitated by the Minsk Group Co-Chairs. The OSCE sponsored a round of negotiations between the presidents in Key West, Florida. U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell launched the talks on 3 April 2001, and the negotiations continued with mediation by the U.S., Russia and France until 6 April 2001. The Co-Chairs are still continuing to work with the two presidents in the hope of finding lasting peace.

The two countries are still at war. Citizens of Armenia, as well as citizens of any other country who are of Armenian descent, are forbidden entry to Azerbaijan. If a person's passport shows evidence of travel to Nagorno–Karabakh, they are forbidden entry to Azerbaijan.[16][17]

In 2008, in what became known as the 2008 Mardakert Skirmishes, Armenian forces and Azerbaijan clashed over Nagorno-Karabakh. The fighting between the sides was brief, with few casualties on either side.[18]

The 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war was the latest escalation of the unresolved conflict.

Countries without diplomatic relations

Armenia does not have diplomatic relations with the following countries (organized by continent):

Africa

The Americas

Asia

Oceania

Armenia also has no diplomatic relations with states with limited recognition except for the Republic of Artsakh.

Countries with diplomatic relations

Foreign relations of Armenia:
  Armenia
  Diplomatic relations established
  No diplomatic relations established
  Diplomatic relations suspended by Armenia

Armenia has diplomatic relations with the following countries: Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Andorra, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Australia, Austria, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Belarus, Belgium, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Brazil, Brunei Darussalam, Bulgaria, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Canada, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Croatia, Cuba, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, East Timor, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Estonia, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Fiji, Finland, France, Gabon, The Gambia, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Greece, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Haiti, Holy See, Honduras, Hungary, Iceland, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Ivory Coast, Jamaica, Japan, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Latvia, Lebanon, Liberia, Libya, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Mauritania, Mexico, Micronesia, Moldova, Monaco, Mongolia, Montenegro, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, North Macedonia, Norway, Oman, Palau, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Qatar, Romania, Russia, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, San Marino, Senegal, Serbia, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Slovakia, Slovenia, Somalia, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Sweden, Switzerland, Syria, Tajikistan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago,[19] Tunisia, Turkmenistan, Tuvalu,[20] Uganda, Ukraine, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Zambia and Zimbabwe.[21]

Notes on some of these relations follow (organized by continent):

Multilateral

Organization Formal Relations Began Notes
 African Union25 October 2010 Armenia established diplomatic relations with the African Union on 25 October 2010.[22]
  • The African Union Commission hailed the Armenian government's intention to have a representative in the African Union, and expressed willingness to develop relations with Armenia.
  • The Representative of Armenia to the African Union is located in Cairo, Egypt.
 Arab League2004 Armenia was granted Observer Status in the Arab League in 2004 after a Syrian invitation.[23]
  • Armenia maintains positive relations with most Arab states.
  • A memorandum on mutual understanding and cooperation between Armenia and the Arab League was signed in January 2005.[24] The agreement promotes intensifying cooperation and the opening of Armenian diplomatic missions in Arab states.
  • The Representative of Armenia to the Arab League is located in Cairo, Egypt.
Organization of the Black Sea Economic Cooperation1992 See Armenia–BSEC relations
Collective Security Treaty Organization1994
Council of Europe2001 See Armenia in the Council of Europe
  • Armenia joined the Council of Europe on 25 January 2001.
  • The Armenian Permanent Mission to the Council of Europe is based in Strasbourg, France. The Council of Europe maintains an Office in Yerevan, Armenia.
  • The Council of Europe has recognized the Armenian genocide.
Eurasian Economic Union2015 See Member states of the Eurasian Economic Union and Enlargement of the Eurasian Economic Union
  • Armenia joined the Eurasian Economic Union on 2 January 2015.
  • Armenia is a member of the Eurasian Customs Union Free-trade area.
  • Other members include Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia and Observer members Cuba, Moldova, and Uzbekistan.
 European Union1991 See Armenia–European Union relations and Potential enlargement of the European Union
 NATO1992 See Armenia–NATO relations

Africa

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Algeria30 December 1992 See Algeria–Armenia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 December 1992.[25]

 Angola3 October 1994 See Angola–Armenia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 October 1994.[26]

 Benin2 August 2007 See Armenia–Benin relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 August 2007.[26]

 Botswana See Armenia–Botswana relations

There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and Botswana.

 Burkina Faso16 November 1992 See Armenia–Burkina Faso relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 November 1992.[26]

 Burundi28 May 1992 See Armenia–Burundi relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 May 1992.[27]

 Cameroon28 May 2007 See Armenia–Cameroon relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 May 2007.[26]

 Cape Verde26 February 2007 See Armenia–Cape Verde relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 February 2007.[26]

 Central African RepublicSeptember 2017 See Armenia–Central African Republic relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2017.[28]

 Chad26 December 2006 See Armenia–Chad relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 December 2006.[26]

 Comoros3 July 2008 See Armenia–Comoros relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 July 2008.[29]

 Congo15 March 2007 See Armenia–Congo relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 March 2007.[30]

 Cote D'Ivoire13 May 1998 See Armenia–Côte d'Ivoire relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 May 1998.[26]

 Democratic Republic of Congo10 November 2015 See Armenia–Democratic Republic of Congo relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 November 2015.[31]

 Djibouti22 May 2019 See Armenia–Djibouti relations

In October 2015, both countries Foreign Ministers met to discuss establishing diplomatic relations and possible ways of developing bilateral ties.[32] Both countries officially established diplomatic relations on 22 May 2019 at the United Nations.[33]

 EgyptMarch 1992 See Armenia–Egypt relations
 Equatorial Guinea19 May 1992 See Armenia–Equatorial Guinea relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 19 May 1992.[34]

 Eritrea16 October 1994 See Armenia–Eritrea relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 October 1994.[35]

 Eswatini3 May 2013 See Armenia–Eswatini relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 May 2013.[36]

 Ethiopia2 December 1993 See Armenia–Ethiopia relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 December 1993.[37]
  • Armenia has an embassy in Addis Ababa.[38]
  • Ethiopia is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow, Russia.[37]
  • There is a small community of Armenians in Ethiopia's capital Addis Ababa. See also Armenians in Ethiopia
 Gabon9 March 1994 See Armenia–Gabon relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 March 1994.[26]

 Gambia9 October 2018 See Armenia–Gambia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 October 2018.[39]

 Ghana29 May 1992 See Armenia–Ghana relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 May 1992.[26]

 Guinea1992 See Armenia–Guinea relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1992.[26]

 Guinea-Bissau3 September 1992 See Armenia–Guinea-Bissau relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 September 1992.[26]

 Kenya13 July 1993 See Armenia–Kenya relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 July 1993.[40]

 Liberia21 September 2017 See Armenia–Liberia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2017.[41]

 Libya2000 See Armenia–Libya relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in the year 2000.[42]

 Madagascar25 June 1993 See Armenia–Madagascar relations

Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Madagascar were established on 25 June 1993.[43]

 Malawi20 January 2012 See Armenia–Malawi relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 January 2012.[44]

 Mali21 February 1994 See Armenia–Mali relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 February 1994.[45]

 Mauritania30 January 2008 See Armenia–Mauritania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 30 January 2008.[46]

 Mauritius28 June 2013 See Armenia–Mauritius relations

Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Mauritius were established on 28 June 2013.[47]

 MoroccoJune 1992 See Armenia–Morocco relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in June 1992.[48]

  • Morocco has an honorary consulate in Yerevan
 Mozambique13 September 1995 See Armenia–Mozambique relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 13 September 1995.[26]

 Namibia2 October 2006 See Armenia–Namibia relations

Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Namibia were established on 2 October 2006.[49]

 Niger26 November 2016 See Armenia–Niger relations

Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Niger were established on 26 November 2016.[50]

 Nigeria4 February 1993 See Armenia–Nigeria relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 4 February 1993.[51]

 Rwanda2004 See Armenia–Rwanda relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 2004.[26]

 São Tomé and Príncipe See Armenia–São Tomé and Príncipe relations

There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and São Tomé and Príncipe.

 Senegal8 April 2004 See Armenia–Senegal relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 April 2004.[52]

  • Armenia is represented by Senegal through its embassy in Moscow.
 Seychelles19 April 2006 See Armenia–Seychelles relations

Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on 19 April 2006.[53]

 Sierra Leone22 March 2004 See Armenia–Sierra Leone relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 March 2004.[54]

 Somalia2001 See Armenia–Somalia relations

Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Somalia were established on 28 June 2001.[55]

 South Africa1993 See Armenia–South Africa relations

Diplomatic relations between Armenia and South Africa were established on 23 June 1993.[56]

  • Armenia is represented in South Africa through its embassy in Cairo, Egypt.[57]
  • South Africa is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Kyiv, Ukraine.[57]
 South Sudan See Armenia–South Sudan relations

Armenia and South Sudan have not yet established diplomatic relations, however the Foreign Minister of Armenia stated that Armenia recognizes the Republic of South Sudan as an independent state on 9 July 2011.[58]

 Sudan8 December 1992 See Armenia–Sudan relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 December 1992.[59]

  • There is a small Armenian community in Sudan, most are concentrated in the Sudanese capital Khartoum.
 Tanzania1992 See Armenia–Tanzania relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1992.[60]

 Togo14 November 2013 See Armenia–Togo relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 November 2013.[61]

 Tunisia15 July 2002 See Armenia–Tunisia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 July 2002.[62]

 Uganda28 June 2013 See Armenia–Uganda relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 28 June 2013.[63]

 Zambia1993 See Armenia–Zambia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1993.[64]

 Zimbabwe1992 See Armenia–Zimbabwe relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in 1992.[65]

The Americas

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Antigua and Barbuda14 May 1993 See Antigua and Barbuda–Armenia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 May 1993.[66]

 Argentina17 January 1992 See Argentina–Armenia relations
 Bahamas21 September 2017 See Armenia–Bahamas relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2017.[67]

 Barbados See Armenia–Barbados relations

There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and Barbados.

 Belize12 February 1999See Armenia–Belize relations

Both countries established diplomatic relation on 12 February 1999.[68]

 Bolivia27 July 1992 See Armenia–Bolivia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 July 1992.[26]

  • Bolivia recognized the Armenian genocide in 2014.
 Brazil17 February 1992 See Armenia–Brazil relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Brasília.
  • Brazil has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • Brazil recognized the Armenian genocide in 2015.
  • There are between 80,000- 100,000 people of Armenian descent living in Brazil.[69]
 Canada31 January 1992 See also Armenia–Canada relations, Embassy of Armenia in Ottawa, Armenian Canadian
 Chile15 April 1993 See Armenia–Chile relations
  • Armenia is accredited to Chile from its embassy in Buenos Aires, Argentina and maintains an honorary consulate in Santiago.
  • Chile is accredited to Armenia from its embassy in Moscow, Russia and maintains an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • Chile recognized the Armenian genocide in 2007.
  • There are around 1,600 people of Armenian descent living in Chile.

Chile recognized the Armenian genocide on 14 September 2007.[72][73][74]

 Colombia22 December 1994 See Armenia–Colombia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 December 1994.[75]

  • The city of Armenia, Colombia was renamed after Armenia in memory of the victims of the Armenian Genocide.
  • There are mainly 250 people of Armenian descent.[76]
 Costa Rica8 April 1997 See Armenia–Costa Rica relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 April 1997.[26]

 Cuba27 March 1992 See Armenia–Cuba relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 March 1992.[77]
  • Armenia is represented in Cuba through its embassy in Mexico City, Mexico.[77]
  • Cuba is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow, Russia.[77]
 Dominica8 April 2019 See Armenia–Dominica relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 8 April 2019.[78][79][80][81][82][83]

 Dominican Republic9 October 2007 See Armenia–Dominican Republic relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 9 October 2007.[84]

 Ecuador20 May 1997 See Armenia–Ecuador relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 20 May 1997.[85]
  • Ecuador is a member of the Andean Parliament which recognized the Armenian genocide in September 2016.
 El Salvador22 March 1999 See Armenia–El Salvador relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 March 1999.[26]

 Guatemala29 June 1998 See Armenia–Guatemala relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 June 1998.[86]

 Guyana24 October 2003 See Armenia–Guyana relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 October 2003.[87]

 Greenland14 January 1992 See Armenia–Greenland relations

Armenia maintains relations with Greenland via Denmark, established on 14 January 1992.[88]

 Grenada3 April 2012 See Armenia–Grenada relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 3 April. 2012.[89]

 Haiti21 January 1999 See Armenia–Haiti relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 January 1999.[90]

 Honduras16 September 2011 See Armenia–Honduras relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 September 2011.[26]

 Jamaica1 December 1995 See Armenia–Jamaica relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 December 1995.[26]

 Mexico14 January 1992[91] See Armenia–Mexico relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Mexico City.[92]
  • Mexico is accredited to Armenia from its embassy in Moscow, Russia and an Honorary Consulate in Yerevan[93][94]
  • There are approximately 400 Armenians living in Mexico and several thousand Mexicans of Armenian descent.[95]
  • Mexico recognized the Armenian genocide in 2023.[96]
  • See also: Armenians in Mexico
 Nicaragua6 July 1994 See Armenia–Nicaragua relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 July 1994.[97]

 Panama7 August 1998 See Armenia–Panama relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 August 1998.[98]

 Paraguay2 July 1992 See Armenia–Paraguay relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 2 July. 1992.[99]

  • In 2015, Paraguay recognized the Armenian Genocide.
 Peru20 April 1992[91] See Armenia–Peru relations
  • Peru recognized Armenia on 26 December 1991.
  • Peru is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow, Russia.
  • There are around 50 people of Armenian descent living in Peru.
  • Peru is a member of the Andean Parliament which recognized the Armenian genocide in September 2016.
 Saint Lucia17 October 2000 See Armenia–Saint Lucia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 October 2000.[26]

 Saint Kitts and Nevis21 September 2017 See Armenia–Saint Kitts and Nevis relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2017.[100]

 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines17 December 2004 See Armenia–Saint Vincent and the Grenadines relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 17 December 2004.[26]

 Suriname24 July 1999 See Armenia–Suriname relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 24 July 1999.[26]

 Trinidad and Tobago29 August 2023 See Armenia–Trinidad and Tobago relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 August 2023.

 United States1920 & 1991 See Armenia–United States relations

The dissolution of the Soviet Union in December 1991 brought an end to the Cold War and created the opportunity for bilateral relations with the New Independent States (NIS) as they began a political and economic transformation. The U.S. recognized the independence of Armenia on 25 December 1991, and opened an embassy in Yerevan in February 1992.

 Uruguay27 May 1992 See Armenia–Uruguay relations
 Venezuela30 October 1993[91] See Armenia–Venezuela relations
  • Armenia has an honorary consulate in Caracas
  • Venezuela is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow, Russia.
  • There are around 4000 people of Armenian descent living in Venezuela.[69]
  • Venezuelan parliament has recognized the Armenian genocide.

Asia

Country Formal relations began Notes
 Afghanistan5 September 1996 See Afghanistan–Armenia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 September 1996.[105]

 Artsakh See Armenia–Artsakh relations
  • The disputed region of Artsakh has very close relations with Armenia.
  • A Representative Office of Artsakh was established in Yerevan.
 Azerbaijan No diplomatic relations See Armenia–Azerbaijan relations, First Nagorno-Karabakh War, Sumgait pogrom, Baku pogrom, Maraga massacre, Khachkar destruction in Nakhichevan, Second Nagorno-Karabakh War

The two nations have fought two wars in 1918–20 (Armenian–Azerbaijani War) and in the 1988–94 (Nagorno-Karabakh War), in the past century, with last one ended with provisional cease fire agreement signed in Bishkek. There are no formal diplomatic relations between the two countries, because of the ongoing Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and dispute.

During the Soviet period, many Armenians and Azeris lived in relative peace under the Soviet iron fist. However, when Mikhail Gorbachev introduced the policies of Glasnost and Perestroika, the majority of Armenians from the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (NKAO) of the Azerbaijan SSR began a movement to unify with the Armenian SSR. In 1988, the Armenians of Karabakh voted to secede and join Armenia. This, along with sporadic massacres in Azerbaijan against Armenians resulted in the conflict that became known as the Nagorno-Karabakh War. The violence resulted in de facto Armenian control of former NKAO and seven surrounding Azerbaijani regions which was effectively halted when the three sides agreed to observe a cease-fire which has been in effect since May 1994, and in late 1995 the sides also agreed to mediation of the OSCE Minsk Group. The Minsk Group is co-chaired by the U.S., France and Russia, and comprises Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkey and several Western European nations. Despite the cease fire, up to 40 clashes are reported along the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict lines of control each year.

The sides are still technically at war. Citizens of Armenia, as well as citizens of any other country who are of Armenian descent, are forbidden entry to the Republic of Azerbaijan. If a person's passport shows any evidence of travel to Nagorno-Karabakh, they are forbidden to enter the Republic of Azerbaijan.

In 2008, in what became known as the 2008 Mardakert Skirmishes, Armenia and Azerbaijan clashed over Nagorno-Karabakh. The fighting between the three sides was brief, with few casualties on either side.

 BahrainOctober 1996 See Armenia–Bahrain relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in October 1996.[106]

 Bangladesh11 November 1992 See Armenia–Bangladesh relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 November 1992.[107]

 Bhutan27 September 2012 See Armenia–Bhutan relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 27 September 2012.

 Brunei Darussalam15 April 2012 See Armenia–Brunei Darussalam relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 15 April 2012.[106]

 Cambodia14 May 1992 See Armenia–Cambodia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 14 May 1992.[106]

 China6 April 1992 See Armenia–China relations
  • China recognized Armenia on 21 December 1991.
  • Armenia has an embassy in Beijing.
  • China has an embassy in Yerevan.[108]
  • Since the establishment of diplomatic relations, cultural exchange has been a major component of bilateral relations, as both nations recognize the importance of creating a strong foundation based upon their ancient and rich histories.[109]
 East Timor23 December 2003 See Armenia–East Timor relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 23 December 2003.[110]

 Georgia17 July 1992 See Armenia–Georgia relations

Armenians and Georgians have a lot in common. Both are ancient Christian civilizations with their own distinct alphabets. Both use the terms "Apostolic" and "Orthodox" in the full titles of their respective churches. They also use the term "Catholicos" to refer to their church patriarchs. Despite all this, however, Armenians and Georgians have tended to have a tenuous relationship (at times, sharing close bonds while at other times regarding each other as rivals).

Today, relations with Georgia are of particular importance for Armenia because, under the economic blockade imposed by Turkey and Azerbaijan due to the ongoing Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, Georgia offers Armenia its only land connection with Europe and access to its Black Sea ports. However, because of Armenia's reliance on Russia and Georgia, both of whom fought the 2008 South Ossetia war and severed diplomatic and economic relations as a result; and as 70% of Armenia's imports entered via Georgia especially from Russia which has imposed an economic blockade on Georgia, Armenia also has been indirectly affected from this blockade as well. The development of close relations between Turkey and Georgia (such as the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline and South Caucasus natural gas pipeline) have also weighed on the mutual relations. For example, on 20 March 2006, Georgian Ambassador to Armenia Revaz Gachechiladze stated,

"We sympathize with the sister nation but taking decisions of the kind we should take into account the international situation. When the time comes Georgia will do everything within the limits of the possible for the recognition of the Armenian genocide by the international community including Georgia."

However, Armenian-Georgian relations have begun to improve. On 10 May 2006, Armenia and Georgia agreed on the greater part of the lines of the state border between the two countries. The Javakheti region in southern Georgia contains a large Armenian population and although there have been local civic organizations (such as United Javakhk) pushing for autonomy, there has been no violence between Armenians and Georgians in the area.
  • Armenia has an embassy in Tbilisi and general consulate in Batumi.
  • Georgia has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • There are roughly 170,000 Armenians in Georgia today.
 India31 August 1992 See Armenia–India relations
  • Since 1999, Armenia has an embassy in New Delhi and two honorary consulates Mumbai, and Chennai.
  • India has an embassy in Yerevan.[111]
  • Indian government is funding the renovation of schools in Lori region.
  • Around 700 Medical students are studying in Armenian universities.
  • Armenia recognizes Kashmir to be part of India and not of Pakistan.
  • Armenia supports India's bid for permanent seat in the United Nations Security Council.[112]
 Indonesia22 September 1992 See Armenia–Indonesia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 September 1992.[113]

 Iran9 February 1992 See Armenia–Iran relations

Despite religious and ideological differences, relations between Armenia and the Islamic Republic of Iran remain cordial and Armenia and Iran are strategic partners in the region. Armenia and Iran enjoy cultural and historical ties that go back thousands of years. There are no border disputes between the two countries and the Christian Armenian minority in Iran enjoys official recognition. Of special importance is the cooperation in the field of energy security which lowers Armenia's dependence on Russia and can in the future also supply Iranian gas to Europe through Georgia and the Black Sea.

  • Armenia has an embassy in Tehran.
  • Iran has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • An estimated 200,000 Armenians live in Iran. See also Iranian Armenians
 Iraq2000 See Armenia–Iraq relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in the year 2000[115]

  • Armenia has an embassy in Baghdad
  • Iraq has an embassy in Yerevan
  • In 2015, Armenia announced it would establish a consulate general in Erbil, the capital of Kurdistan Region.
  • Today it is estimated that there are around 15,000 Armenians in Iraq.
  • Armenian is an official minority language in Iraq.
 Israel4 April 1992 See Armenia–Israel relations

Since independence, Armenia has received support from Israel. While both countries have diplomatic relations, neither maintained an embassy in the other country, until Armenia opened an embassy in Tel-Aviv in 2020. Ehude Moshe Eytam, the Israeli ambassador to Armenia is based in Tbilisi, Georgia, and visits Yerevan twice a month. Israel has recognized 24 Armenians as Righteous Among the Nations for risking their lives to save Jews during the Holocaust.

 Japan7 September 1992 See Armenia–Japan relations
 Jordan18 June 1996 See Armenia–Jordan relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 18 June 1996.[116]

  • Armenia is represented by a consulate in the capital Amman.
  • There are an estimated 3,000–5,000 Armenians living in the country today.
 Kazakhstan27 August 1992 See Armenia–Kazakhstan relations
 Kuwait1994 See Armenia–Kuwait relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Kuwait city.
  • Kuwait has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • There are around 6,000 people of Armenian descent living in Kuwait.
 Kyrgyzstan1993 See Armenia–Kyrgyzstan relations
 Laos1998 See Armenia–Laos relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 April 1998.[121]

 Lebanon4 March 1992 See Armenia–Lebanon relations

Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Lebanon were established on 4 March 1992.

Armenian-Lebanese relations are very friendly. Lebanon is host to the eighth largest Armenian population in the world with around 160,000 Armenians in the country. Lebanon is the only member of the Arab League, much less of the Middle East and the Islamic World that recognizes the Armenian genocide. During the 2006 Lebanon War, Armenia announced that it would send humanitarian aid to Lebanon. According to the Armenian government, an unspecified amount of medicines, tents and fire-fighting equipment was allocated to Lebanese authorities on 27 July 2006.[122][123]

In September 2009 Mr. Ashot Kocharian was appointed the Ambassador of Armenia in Lebanon. On 18 April 2013, the newly appointed Ambassador of Lebanon to Armenia Mr. Jean Makaron presented his credentials to the President of Armenia.

On 4 March 2016, Mr. Samvel Mkrtchyan was appointed the Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Armenia to the Lebanese Republic.

  • Armenian is a recognized minority language in Lebanon.
  • Armenia has an embassy in Beirut.
  • Lebanon has an embassy in Yerevan.
 Malaysia11 March 1993 See Armenia–Malaysia relations
  • Armenia is represented in Malaysia through embassy in New Delhi (India).
  • Malaysia is represented in Armenia through embassy in Moscow (Russia).
 Maldives1995 See Armenia–Maldives relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 10 January 1995.[124]

 Mongolia1992 See Armenia–Mongolia relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 11 February 1992.[125]
  • Armenia is represented in Mongolia through its embassy in Beijing, China.[125]
 Myanmar31 January 2013 See Armenia–Myanmar relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 31 January 2013.[126]

   Nepal26 March 1993 See Armenia–Nepal relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 March 1993.[127]

 North Korea13 February 1992[128] See Armenia–North Korea relations
  • The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Armenia and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea) started on 13 February 1992.[128]
 OmanJuly 1992 See Armenia–Oman relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations in July 1992.[129]

  • Oman has an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
 Pakistan See Armenia–Pakistan relations

Armenia-Pakistan relations are poor owing to disagreements between the two countries. The main issue is the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Pakistan is a major supporter of Azerbaijan in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. Pakistan also does not recognize Armenia despite Armenia recognizing Pakistan. Pakistan does not recognize the Armenian genocide and maintains that during the war large number of Armenians and Muslims were killed. Armenia also has friendly relations with India, which Pakistan heavily opposes.

 Philippines20 May 1992 See Armenia–Philippines relations
  • The Philippines has a consulate in Yerevan.
  • Armenia has a consulate in Manila.
 Qatar5 November 1997 See Armenia–Qatar relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 5 November 1997.[106]

  • Approximately 5,500 Armenians live in Qatar, mostly in the capital Doha. See also Armenians in Qatar.
  • Armenia maintains an embassy in Doha.
 Saudi Arabia See Armenia–Saudi Arabia relations

There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and Saudi Arabia.[130]

 Singapore1 July 1992 See Armenia–Singapore relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1 July 1992.[131]

 South Korea21 February 1992[132] See Armenia–South Korea relations

The establishment of diplomatic relations between the Republic of Armenia and the Republic of Korea began on 21 February 1992.

  • The Republic of Korea and the Republic of Armenia Policy Consultation will deal with ways to vitalize high-level exchanges promote substantive cooperation and work together on regional and global issues.[133]
  • Armenia has an honorary consulate in Seoul.
  • The Republic of Korea has an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • Bilateral trade in 2014:
    • Exports : $15 million (textile, automobile)
    • Imports : $3 million (animal feed, rubber)
  • The number of the South Korean citizens living in Armenia in 2019 was about 373.
  • Foreign relations of South Korea#Europe.[132]
 Sri Lanka12 February 1992 See Armenia–Sri Lanka relations
  • Armenia is represented in Sri Lanka through the Embassy of Armenia in New Delhi.
  • Sri Lanka is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow (Russia) and an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
 Syria1992 See Armenia–Syria relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Damascus and a consulate general in Aleppo and honorary consulate in Der ez-Zor .[134]
  • Since 1997, Syria has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • There are around 150,000 people of Armenian descent living in the Syria. During the Armenian genocide, the main killing fields of Armenians were located in the Syrian desert of Deir ez-Zor. In 2015, the government of Syria recognized the Armenian Genocide.
  • Armenian Ministry of Foreign Affairs: direction of the Syrian embassy in Yerevan[135]
 Tajikistan1992 See Armenia–Tajikistan relations
 Thailand1992 See Armenia–Thailand relations
  • Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 July 1992 by protocol.[140]
  • Armenia has an honorary consulate in Bangkok.[141]
  • Thailand is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow, Russia and an honorary consulate in Yerevan.[142]
 TurkeyNo formal diplomatic relations See Armenia–Turkey relations

Turkey was one of the first countries to recognize Armenia's independence in 1991. Despite this, for most of the 20th century and early 21st century, relations remain tense and there are no formal diplomatic relations between the two countries for numerous reasons. Some bones of contention include the unresolved Karabakh conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan (which has resulted in Turkey imposing a blockade on Armenia that is still in effect today), the treatment of Armenians in Turkey, the Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan oil pipeline, and the Armenian claim of Turkey's holding of historic Armenian lands (ceded to them in the Treaty of Kars, a treaty which Armenia refuses to recognize to this day since it was signed between the Soviet Union and Turkey, and not between Armenia and Turkey proper). At the forefront of all disputes, however, is the issue surrounding the Armenian Genocide. The killing and deportation of between one and one-and-a-half million Armenians from the Ottoman Empire orchestrated by the Young Turks is a taboo subject in Turkey itself as the Turkish government refuses to acknowledge that a genocide ever happened. However, since Turkey has become a candidate to join the European Union, limited discussion of the event is now taking place in Turkey. Some in the European Parliament have even suggested that one of the provisions for Turkey to join the E.U. should be the full recognition of the event as genocide.

On 5 June 2005, Armenian President Robert Kocharian announced that he was ready to "continue dialogue with Azerbaijan for the settlement of the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and with Turkey on establishing relations without any preconditions."[143] Armenia has also stated that as a legal successor to the Armenian SSR, it is loyal to the Treaty of Kars and all agreements inherited by the former Soviet Armenian government.[144] Yet Turkey continues to lay preconditions on relations, insisting that Armenia abandon its efforts to have the Genocide recognized, which official Yerevan is not willing to do.

In the wake of the 2008 South Ossetia war between Georgia and Russia, Armenia and Turkey have shown signs of an inclination to reconsider their relationship. According to The Economist magazine, 70% of Armenia's imports enter via Georgia. Because of the apparently belligerent posture of the Russian state, economic ties with Turkey appear especially attractive.[145]

It is estimated that around 70,000 Armenians live in Turkey today, down from nearly 2 million before the start of the Armenian genocide in 1915. See Armenians in Turkey.

 Turkmenistan1992 See Armenia–Turkmenistan relations
 United Arab Emirates25 June 1998 See Armenia–United Arab Emirates relations
  • Diplomatic relations between Armenia and the UAE were established on 25 June 1998.
  • Armenia has an embassy in Abu Dhabi.[146]
  • The United Arab Emirates has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • There are around 3,500 people of Armenian descent living in the United Arab Emirates.[147]
  • Armenian Ministry of Foreign Affairs: presentation of the Emirati ambassador's credentials to the Armenian Foreign Minister[148]
 Uzbekistan25 June 1995 See Armenia–Uzbekistan relations
 Vietnam14 July 1992 See Armenia–Vietnam relations
  • Diplomatic relations between Armenia and Vietnam were established on 14 July 1992.[152]
  • Armenia has an embassy in Hanoi.
  • Vietnam is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow, Russia.[153]
 Yemen See Armenia–Yemen relations

There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and Yemen.

Europe

Country Formal relations began Notes
 Albania18 February 1993 See Albania–Armenia relations
  • Armenia is represented in Albania through its embassy in Athens, (Greece).
  • Albania is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Athens, (Greece).[154]
 Andorra18 November 2003 See Andorra–Armenia relations
  • Armenia is represented in Andorra through its embassy in Paris, (France).
  • Andorra is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Paris, (France).
 Austria24 January 1992 See Armenia–Austria relations
 Belarus12 June 1993 See Armenia–Belarus relations
 Belgium10 March 1992 See Armenia–Belgium relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Brussels.
  • Belgium is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow.
  • Around 8,000 Armenians live in Belgium.
  • Belgium recognized the Armenian genocide in 1998.
  • Armenia's permanent representative to the European Union is located in Brussels.
  • Armenia's permanent representative to NATO is located in Brussels.
 Bosnia and Herzegovina29 July 1997 See Armenia–Bosnia and Herzegovina relations
  • Bosnia is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow.
 Bulgaria18 January 1992 See Armenia–Bulgaria relations
 Croatia8 July 1994 See Armenia–Croatia relations
  • Armenia is represented in Croatia through its embassy in Rome (Italy) and honorary consulate in Zagreb.
  • Croatia is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Athens (Greece) and honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Cyprus18 March 1992 See Armenia–Cyprus relations
  • Cyprus was the second country to recognise the Armenian genocide, on 24 April 1975.
  • Armenia is represented in Cyprus through its embassy in Athens (Greece).
  • Cyprus is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow (Russia), and through an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • There are over 3.500 people of Armenian descent living in Cyprus.[57]
  • Armenian is an official minority language in Cyprus.
  • Vahan Ovanesyan of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation visited Cyprus on 24 January 2001 to take part in celebrations of the 110th anniversary of the federation.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Czech Republic30 March 1992 See Armenia–Czech Republic relations
  • Armenia is represented in Czech Republic through its embassy in Prague.
  • The Czech Republic is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Yerevan.
  • The Czech Republic has recognized the Armenian Genocide.
  • There are around 12,000 people of Armenian descent living in the Czech Republic.
  • Armenia and Czechia signed an agreement on military-technical cooperation.[156]
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Denmark14 January 1992 See Armenia–Denmark relations
  • Armenia is represented in Denmank through its embassy in Copenhagen, Denmark.
  • Denmark is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Kyiv, Ukraine and honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • On 26 January 2017, the Parliament of Denmark approved a resolution condemning Turkish violence and massacres against Armenians during the Armenian Genocide.
  • There are approximately 3,000 Armenians in Denmark.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Estonia23 August 1992 See Armenia–Estonia relations
 Finland25 March 1992 See Armenia–Finland relations
  • Before 1918, both countries were part of the Russian Empire. Finland recognised Armenia on 30 December 1991. Armenia is represented in Finland by a non-resident ambassador (based in Stockholm, Sweden). Finland is represented in Armenia by a non-resident ambassador (based in Helsinki at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs) and an honorary consulate in Yerevan. Around 1,000 people of Armenian descent live in Finland.
  • Finnish Ministry of Foreign Affairs about relations with Armenia
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 France24 February 1992 See Armenia–France relations

Franco-Armenian relations have existed since the French and the Armenians established contact in the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia and are close to this day. 2006 was proclaimed the Year of Armenia in France.

 GermanyJanuary 1992 See Armenia–Germany relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Berlin and honorary consulate in Karlsruhe.
  • Germany has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • Between 90,000 and 110,000 Armenians live in Germany today. See also Armenians in Germany.
  • Germany recognized the Armenian genocide in 2005.
 Greece20 January 1992 See Armenia–Greece relations

Greece was one of the first countries to recognize Armenia's independence on 21 September 1991, and one of those that have officially recognized the Armenian Genocide. Since the independence of Armenia the two countries have been partners within the framework of international organizations (United Nations, OSCE, Council of Europe, BSEC), whilst Greece firmly supports the community programs aimed at further developing relations between the EU and Armenia.

Continuous visits of the highest level have shown that both countries want to continue to improve the levels of friendship and cooperation (Visit by the President of Armenia Levon Ter-Petrossian to Greece in 1996, visit by the President of the Hellenic Republic Costis Stephanopoulos in 1999, visit by the President of Armenia Robert Kocharyan to Greece in 2000 and 2005 and visit by Greek president Karolos Papoulias to Armenia in June 2007).

Greece is, after Russia, the major military partner of Armenia. Armenian officers are trained in Greek military academies, and various technical assistance is supplied by Greece. Since 2003, an Armenian platoon has been deployed in Kosovo as part of KFOR, where they operate as a part of the Greek battalion of KFOR. It is estimated that around 80,000 Armenians live in Greece.

  • Armenia has an embassy in Athens and a honorary consulate in Thessaloniki.
  • Greece has an embassy in Yerevan.
  • Greece recognized the Armenian genocide in 1996.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Holy See23 May 1992 See Armenia–Holy See relations
  • Armenia maintains an embassy in the Vatican.
  • In 2000, the Vatican recognized the Armenian Genocide.
  • The Holy See maintains a Apostolic Nunciature in Yerevan.
 Hungary26 February 1992

See Armenia–Hungary relations

  • Armenia is represented in Hungary through its embassy in Vienna (Austria).
  • Hungary is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Tbilisi (Georgia) and an honorary consulate in Yerevan.[157]
  • There are around 30,000 people of Armenian descent living in Hungary.
  • Armenian is an official minority language in Hungary.
 Iceland1995 See Armenia–Iceland relations
  • Iceland is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow, Russia and an honorary consulate in Yerevan.[158]
 Ireland13 June 1996 See Armenia–Ireland relations
  • Ireland recognized Armenia's independence in December 1991.
  • Armenia is represented in Ireland through its embassy in London and through an honorary consulate in Dublin.[159]
  • Ireland is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Sofia (Bulgaria) and through an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.[160]
  • There is a small Armenian community in Ireland, mostly in Dublin.
 Italy12 May 1993 See Armenia–Italy relations
 Kosovo See Armenia–Kosovo relations
  • Armenia has not established diplomatic relations with Kosovo.
 Latvia22 August 1992 See Armenia–Latvia relations
 Liechtenstein7 May 2008 See Armenia–Liechtenstein relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 May 2008.

 Lithuania21 November 1991 See Armenia–Lithuania relations
 Luxembourg11 June 1992 See Armenia–Luxembourg relations
  • Armenia is represented in Luxembourg through its embassy in Brussels, (Belgium), and an honorary consulate in Luxembourg.
  • Luxembourg maintains a consulate in Yerevan.
  • Luxembourg recognized the Armenian genocide in 2015.
 Malta27 May 1993 See Armenia–Malta relations
  • Armenia is represented in Malta through its embassy in Rome.
  • Malta is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Warsaw and honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • Around 500 Armenians live in Malta.
 MoldovaMay 1992 See Armenia–Moldova relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Chișinău.
  • Moldova is accredited to Armenia from its embassy in Kyiv, Ukraine.
  • There are around 8000 people of Armenian descent living in Moldova.
 MonacoOct 2008 See Armenia–Monaco relations
  • Armenia is accredited to Monaco from its embassy in Paris, France.
  • Monaco does not have an accreditation to Armenia.
 Montenegro7 November 2006 See Armenia–Montenegro relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 November 2006.

  • Montenegro has an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
 Netherlands30 January 1992 See Armenia–Netherlands relations and Armenians in the Netherlands
 North Macedonia27 April 1993[164] See Armenia–North Macedonia relations

Both countries established relations on 27 April 1993.

 Norway5 June 1992 See Armenia–Norway relations
  • Armenia is represented in Norway through its embassy in Copenhagen (Denmark).
  • Norway has an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • Approximately 2,000 Armenians live in Norway.
 Poland26 February 1992 See Armenia–Poland relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Warsaw.
  • Poland has an embassy in Yerevan.[165]
  • There are around 50,000 Armenians in Poland.
  • See also Armenians in Poland
  • Armenian is an official minority language in Poland.
  • Poland recognized the Armenian genocide in 2005.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Portugal25 May 1992 See Armenia–Portugal relations
  • Armenia is represented in Portugal through its embassy in Rome (Italy) and honorary consulates in Lisbon and Porto.
  • Portugal is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow (Russia) and an honorary consulate in Yerevan.[166]
  • Portugal recognized the Armenian genocide in 2019.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.

One of the most notable Armenians who resided in Portugal was Calouste Gulbenkian. He was a wealthy Armenian businessman and philanthropist, who made Lisbon the headquarters for his businesses. He established the international charity, the Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation in Lisbon. He also founded the Museu Calouste Gulbenkian in Lisbon.[167][168]

 Romania17 November 1991 See Armenia–Romania relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Bucharest.[169]
  • Romania has an embassy in Yerevan.[170]
  • Around 10,000 Armenians live in Romania.
  • Armenian is an official minority language in Romania.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Russia3 April 1992 See Armenia–Russia relations

Armenia's most notable recent foreign policy success came with 29 August treaty with Russia on friendship, cooperation and mutual assistance, in which Moscow committed itself to the defense of Armenia should it be attacked by a third party. Russia is the key regional security player, and has proved a valuable historical ally for Armenia. Although it appeared as a response to Aliyev's US trip, the treaty had probably long been under development. However, it is clear from the wider context of Armenian foreign policy that—while Yerevan welcomes the Russian security guarantee—the country does not want to rely exclusively on Moscow, nor to become part of a confrontation between Russian and US-led alliances in the Transcaucasus.

  • Armenia has an embassy in Moscow and general consulates Rostov-on-Don and Saint Petersburg and honorary consulates in Kaliningrad and Sochi.
  • Russia has an embassy in Yerevan and general consulate in Gyumri.
  • Armenia's permanent representative to the CSTO is located in Moscow.
  • Russia has recognized the Armenian genocide in 1995.
  • Armenia joined the Russian-led Eurasian Union in 2015.
  • It is estimated that there are between 2,500,000 and 2,900,000 million Armenians in Russia.
 San Marino21 March 2006 See Armenia–San Marino relations
  • Armenia is represented in San Marino through its embassy in Rome (Italy).
  • San Marino has an honorary consulte in Yerevan.
 Serbia14 January 1993 See Armenia–Serbia relations
 Slovakia14 January 1993 See Armenia–Slovakia relations
 Slovenia27 June 1994 See Armenia–Slovenia relations
  • Armenia has an honorary consulate in Ljubljana.
  • Slovenia has an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Sovereign Military Order of Malta29 May 1998 See Armenia–Sovereign Military Order of Malta relations
  • Diplomatic relations were established on 29 May 1998.
  • The Sovereign Military Order of Malta maintains an embassy in Yerevan.
  • The Order of Malta has recognized the Armenian Genocide.
 Spain27 January 1992 See Armenia–Spain relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Madrid[172] and there are two honorary consulates in Valencia and Barcelona.
  • Spain is represented in Armenia through its embassy in Moscow (Russia) and an honorary consulate in Yerevan.
  • Five regional parliaments in Spain including the Balearic Islands, Aragon, Navarre, Basque Country and Catalonia as well as 29 municipalities have recognized the Armenian Genocide.
  • Around 80,000 Armenians live in Spain.
  • Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Cooperations about the relation with Armenia[173]
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
 Sweden10 July 1992 See Armenia–Sweden relations
  • Armenia has an embassy in Stockholm.
  • Sweden has an embassy in Yerevan in 2014.[174]
  • Sweden recognized the Armenian genocide in 2010.
  • Swedish Ministry of Foreign Affairs: information about the Swedish ambassador to Armenia[175]
  • Around 5,000–8,000 Armenians live in Sweden. See also Armenians in Sweden.
  • Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe.
  Switzerland23 December 1991 See Armenia–Switzerland relations
  • The Armenian ambassador to Switzerland and the Swiss ambassador to Armenia (based in Yerevan, Armenia) were both accredited in 2011.
  • The Armenian ambassador to Switzerland is based in Geneva, in the Armenian representation to the United Nations.
  • Switzerland maintains an embassy in Yerevan.
  • There are roughly 5,000 Armenians in Switzerland.
  • Switzerland recognized the Armenian genocide in 2003.
  • Armenia's representative to the World Trade Organization is also located in Geneva.[176]
  • Swiss Federal Department of Foreign Affairs about relations with Armenia[177]
 Ukraine25 December 1992 See Armenia–Ukraine relations

Armenian–Ukrainian relations have lasted for centuries and today are cordial. Relations between Armenia and Ukraine have deflated since Armenia recognized the disputed referendum in Crimea and its subsequent annexation by Russia, and Ukraine has withdrawn its ambassador to Armenia for consultations. The Ukrainian government has asserted that this is temporary and that diplomatic relations between the two states shall indeed continue.[178]

  • Armenia has an embassy in Kyiv and consulates in Odesa and Yalta.
  • Ukraine has an embassy in Yerevan and honorary consulate in Gyumri.
  • Armenian is an official minority language in Ukraine.
  • An estimated 250,000 Armenians live in Ukraine.
  • Crimea recognized the Armenian genocide in 2005.
 United Kingdom20 January 1992 See Armenia–United Kingdom relations
  • The United Kingdom recognised Armenia on 31 December 1991.
  • The first embassy of the Republic of Armenia in Europe was established in London in October 1992.[179]
  • Since 1995, the United Kingdom has had an embassy in Yerevan.[180]
  • The two countries maintain collaborative and friendly relations, however the United Kingdom does not recognize the Armenian genocide, as it considers that the evidence is not clear enough to respectively consider "the terrible events that afflicted the Ottoman Armenian population at the beginning of the last century" genocide under the 1948 UN convention. The British government states the "massacres were an appalling tragedy" and states that this was the view of the government during that period.[181] Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland consider it to be a genocide, and there is a memorial in Cardiff, Wales.
  • There are approximately 20,000 Armenians in the UK, mostly in Greater London and Manchester.
  • British Foreign and Commonwealth Office about relations with Armenia

Oceania

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Australia15 January 1992 See Armenia–Australia relations
  • The first Armenians migrated to Australia in the 1850s, during the gold rush.
  • The majority came to Australia in the 1960s, starting with the Armenians of Egypt after Nasser came to power then, in the early 1970s, from Cyprus after the Turkish occupation of the island and from 1975 until 1992, a period of civil unrest in Lebanon.
  • Person-to-person governmental links are increasing although they are still modest. In September 2003, The Hon Mr Philip Ruddock MP visited Armenia in his former capacity as Australian Minister for Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs. In October 2005, the Armenian Foreign Minister, H.E. Mr Vardan Oskanyan, visited Australia. In November 2005, The Hon Mr Joe Hockey MP, Minister for Human Services, visited Armenia.
  • The Parliament of the Commonwealth of Australia refuses to recognise the mass murder of Armenians in 1915 as Genocide, although the State of New South Wales and South Australia passed a law recognising the Armenian Genocide. The Australian Government elections of 2007 created an atmosphere in which the Opposition Labor party declared it will push for the Recognition of the Armenian genocide in Australian Parliament if Labor wins the Elections.
  • There are around 60,000 Armenians in Australia.
  • Australia maintains a consulate in Yerevan.
 Fiji7 June 2010 See Armenia–Fiji relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 7 June 2010.[182]

 Kiribati26 September 2018 See Armenia–Kiribati relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 September 2018.[183]

 Marshall IslandsSee Armenia–Marshall Islands relations

There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and the Marshall Islands.

 Micronesia21 September 2017 See Armenia–Micronesia relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2017.[184]

 Nauru22 September 2017 See Armenia–Nauru relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 22 September 2017.[185]

 New Zealand6 June 1992 See Armenia–New Zealand relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 6 June 1992.[186]

  • Armenia is represented by New Zealand through its embassy in Moscow.
  • There is a small Armenian community in New Zealand, mostly in Auckland.
 Palau21 September 2017 See Armenia–Palau relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 21 September 2017.[184]

 Papua New GuineaSee Armenia–Papua New Guinea relations

There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and Papua New Guinea.

 SamoaSee Armenia–Samoa relations

There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and Samoa.

 Solomon IslandsSee Armenia–Solomon Islands relations

There are no diplomatic relations between Armenia and Solomon Islands.

 Tuvalu16 March 2012 See Armenia–Tuvalu relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 16 March 2012.[187]

 Vanuatu26 September 2013 See Armenia–Vanuatu relations

Both countries established diplomatic relations on 26 September 2013.[188]

Other international organizations

Armenia is additionally a full member, unless otherwise noted, in the following international organizations, programs and treaties:

See also

Footnotes

  1. – "Armenian Foreign Policy Between Russia, Iran And U.S." – 29 March 2010 Archived 24 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  2. "Armenia granted observer status at Pacific Alliance". armenpress.am. Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  3. "Secretary General's meeting with Ambassador of Armenia to Poland – CoD". Retrieved 8 May 2020.
  4. "Resolutions, Laws, and Declarations". armenian-genocide.org. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
  5. Hairenik (25 March 2009). "South Australia Passes Armenian Genocide Motion". Armenian Weekly. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
  6. "Armenian Genocide Commemoration – 17/04/1997 – NSW Parliament". 19 January 2012. Archived from the original on 19 January 2012. Retrieved 6 June 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  7. "Scotland, North Ireland and Wales recognize Armenian Genocide". news.am. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
  8. "Parliament of Scotland passes motion on Armenian Genocide". news.am. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
  9. "The top news headlines on current events from Yahoo! News". 27 September 2007. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007.
  10. hyebiz (30 January 2008), Sen. Barack Obama Discusses Armenian Genocide ..., archived from the original on 22 November 2021, retrieved 6 June 2016
  11. "Recognize the Armenian genocide". PolitiFact. Retrieved 6 June 2016.
  12. "US House votes to recognize Armenian genocide". BBC. 30 October 2019.
  13. Menendez, Robert (9 April 2019). "S.Res.150 – 116th Congress (2019–2020): A resolution expressing the sense of the Senate that it is the policy of the United States to commemorate the Armenian genocide through official recognition and remembrance". congress.gov. Retrieved 12 December 2019.
  14. "Statement by President Joe Biden on Armenian Remembrance Day". The White House. 24 April 2021. Retrieved 5 February 2022.
  15. Inc, IBP (14 April 2016). Azerbaijan Business and Investment Opportunities Yearbook Volume 1 Strategic, Practical Information and Opportunities. Lulu.com. ISBN 9781438776194. {{cite book}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  16. "Azerbaijan Country Page of the NCSJ (advocates on behalf of Jews in Russia, Ukraine, the Baltic States & Eurasia) accessed 23 May 2010". Archived from the original on 8 March 2009. Retrieved 26 May 2010.
  17. "Azerbaijan doesn't allow Armenians in the country". PanARMENIAN.Net. Retrieved 19 February 2015.
  18. "Azerbaijani president: Armenians are guests in Yerevan". REGNUM News Agency. 17 January 2008. Archived from the original on 12 June 2009. Retrieved 21 April 2010.
  19. "Armenia and Trinidad and Tobago establish diplomatic relations". 30 August 2023. Retrieved 30 August 2023.
  20. "Tuvalu-Armenia Diplomatic Relations Anger Azerbaijan and Georgia" (PDF). Retrieved 12 July 2022.
  21. "Bilateral relations". Retrieved 30 August 2023.
  22. "Armenia, African Union to develop relations". PanArmenian.net. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
  23. "Observer status for Armenia in the Arab League". azad-hye.Blogspot.ca. 19 January 2005. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
  24. "Armenia, Arab League sign memo on mutual understanding". ArmenianDiaspora.com. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
  25. LLC, Helix Consulting. "Algeria – Bilateral Relations – Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia". MFA.am. Archived from the original on 28 February 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
  26. LLC, Helix Consulting. "Bolivia – Bilateral Relations – Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Armenia". MFA.am. Archived from the original on 27 December 2017. Retrieved 23 April 2017.
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References

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Canada
Chile
Czech
Denmark
NATO
International
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