Pramiracetam

Pramiracetam is a central nervous system stimulant and nootropic agent belonging to the racetam family of drugs. It is marketed by Menarini under the brand name Pramistar as a treatment for memory and attention deficits in aging people with neurodegenerative and vascular dementias in Italy and some Eastern European countries.[1][2][3]

Pramiracetam
Clinical data
Trade namesPramistar
AHFS/Drugs.comInternational Drug Names
Routes of
administration		Oral
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
  • US: Not FDA approved
Identifiers
IUPAC name
  • N-[2-(Diisopropylamino)ethyl]-2-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetamide
CAS Number
PubChem CID
ChemSpider
UNII
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.233.221
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC14H27N3O2
Molar mass269.389 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
SMILES
  • O=C1N(CC(=O)NCCN(C(C)C)C(C)C)CCC1
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C14H27N3O2/c1-11(2)17(12(3)4)9-7-15-13(18)10-16-8-5-6-14(16)19/h11-12H,5-10H2,1-4H3,(H,15,18) Y
  • Key:ZULJGOSFKWFVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
 NY (what is this?)  (verify)

Pramiracetam was discovered by scientists at Parke-Davis, at that time a division of Warner-Lambert, in the late 1970s; patents expired in 1996. Warner-Lambert conducted clinical trials in Alzheimer's Disease and abandoned that indication after Phase II trials showed mixed results; it then began to develop it as an orphan drug as an adjunct to electroconvulsive therapy for major depressive disorder, in part to take advantage of the administrative exclusivity provided by the orphan status. It licensed European rights to Menarini which continued developing it for dementias, and in 1991 it licensed US and other non-European rights to Cambridge Neuroscience, Inc, (CNI) which pursued the ECT indication, as well as a use in restoring cognitive function after stroke or traumatic brain injury.[4] CNI obtained the orphan designation for the ECT use from the FDA in 1991, which was later withdrawn when CNI abandoned the drug.[5]

CNI conducted a clinical trial in four people who had cognitive problems following a head injury. Trials conducted by or on behalf of Menarini and Warner-Lambert included two small trials conducted in Ukraine, one in people with cerebrovascular disease and another in people with concussion. Another small trial was performed in Italy, on healthy people in whom amnesia was induced with scopolamine.[6]

See also

References
  1. AIFA Pramistar authorizations in the Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco Database Page accessed August 2, 2015. Italian Label, linked from that site]
  2. Drugs.com Drugs.com International listings for pramiracetam Page accessed August 2, 2015
  3. Italian marketing authorization for the brand name Remen has been revoked per the AIFA database, as has the marketing authorization for the brand name Neupramir, per the AIFA database, each checked on August 2, 2015. Main page at AIFA for pramiracetam is here
  4. Staff, The Pink Sheet. May 27, 1991 Cambridge Neuroscience Developing Warner-Lambert's Pramiracetam
  5. FDA Orphan Drug Designations and Approvals Database Page accessed August 2, 2015
  6. Malykh AG, Sadaie MR (February 2010). "Piracetam and piracetam-like drugs: from basic science to novel clinical applications to CNS disorders". Drugs. 70 (3): 287–312. doi:10.2165/11319230-000000000-00000. PMID 20166767.
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