殺
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Translingual
Traditional | 殺 |
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Simplified | 杀 |
Japanese | 殺 |
Korean | 殺 |
Alternative forms
- In traditional Chinese (based on the modern character forms used in Taiwan and Hong Kong), the bottom left component is 朮 (𣎳 with an additional dot at its top right corner).
- In mainland China (based on the Xin Zixing (新字形) standardized character forms), the bottom left component is 朩 instead which is one stroke less.
- In Korean hanja, the bottom left component is 术, which is also the historical form found in the Kangxi dictionary.
- In Japanese shinjitai and Vietnamese Nôm, the bottom left component is 木 which is one stroke less.
- Three CJK Compatibility Ideographs exist for this character:
U+F970
corresponds to the Japanese kyūjitai form containing 术 which is similar to the historical Kangxi form.U+FA96
corresponds to the alternative Korean form which is similar to the Japanese shinjitai form containing 木.U+2F8F5
is similar to the traditional form in Taiwan but has 𣎳 (without dot at top right corner) instead of 朮 as its bottom left component.
Han character
殺 (radical 79, 殳+7 in traditional Chinese and Korean, 殳+6 in mainland China and Japanese, 11 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 10 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 大金竹弓水 (KCHNE) or 大木竹弓水 (KDHNE), four-corner 47947, composition ⿰⿱㐅朩殳(G) or ⿰⿱㐅朮殳(HT) or ⿰⿱㐅木殳(JV or U+FA96
) or ⿰⿱㐅术殳(K or U+F970
).⿰⿱㐅𣎳殳(U+2F8F5
))
Related characters
References
- KangXi: page 585, character 11
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16638
- Dae Jaweon: page 978, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2157, character 1
- Unihan data for U+6BBA
Chinese
trad. | 殺 | |
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simp. | 杀* |
Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (杀) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Old Chinese | |
閷 | *sreːdss |
鎩 | *sreːds, *srads, *sreːd |
殺 | *sreːds, *sreːd |
蔱 | *srads, *sreːd |
摋 | *slaːd |
煞 | *sreːd |
榝 | *sreːd, *sred |
刹 | *sʰraːd |
In the oracle bone script, it was an ideogrammic compound (會意) : 戈 (“spear”) + [Term?] (“hair”) – a man impaled in the head.
In the bronze script, 人 (“man”) was added under the hair to accentuate the killing of the man. In some bronze inscriptions, 殳 (“spear”) or 攴 was used in place of 戈.
In the bamboo and silk script, symbol representing the man being killed corrupted into 杀: 乂 (“weapon for killing”) + 𣎳. The seal script inherits this: Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sreːds, *sreːd) : phonetic 𣏂 + semantic 殳 (“spear”).
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g/b-sat.
Pronunciation
Usage notes
- Normally, the subject of 殺 should at least be alive. The sentence "A tiger killed many people." can be validly translated as 老虎殺死數人, while the sentence "This accident killed many people." is seldom translated as *這次事故殺死數人. For death caused by non-living things, split forms of 致死 (zhìsǐ) are often used instead:
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 殺 (“to kill (a person)”) [map] | ||
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Variety | Location | Words |
Classical Chinese | 殺 | |
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 殺 | |
Mandarin | Beijing | 殺 |
Taiwan | 殺 | |
Jinan | 殺 | |
Xi'an | 殺 | |
Wuhan | 殺 | |
Chengdu | 殺 | |
Yangzhou | 殺 | |
Hefei | 殺 | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 殺 |
Hong Kong | 殺 | |
Yangjiang | 殺 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 殺 |
Hakka | Meixian | 殺 |
Jin | Taiyuan | 殺 |
Min Bei | Jian'ou | 殺 |
Min Dong | Fuzhou | 刣 |
Fuqing | 殺 | |
Min Nan | Xiamen | 刣 |
Quanzhou | 刣 | |
Zhangzhou | 刣 | |
Taipei | 刣 | |
Kaohsiung | 刣 | |
Penang | 刣 | |
Chaozhou | 刣 | |
Wu | Suzhou | 殺 |
Wenzhou | 殺 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 殺 |
Shuangfeng | 殺 |
Dialectal synonyms of 宰 (“to slaughter; to butcher”) [map] | ||
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Variety | Location | Words |
Classical Chinese | 宰, 屠 | |
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 宰殺, 屠宰 | |
Mandarin | Beijing | 宰, 殺, 治 fish |
Taiwan | 宰, 殺 | |
Jinan | 宰, 殺, 治 | |
Xi'an | 宰, 殺 | |
Wuhan | 宰, 殺, 治 fish | |
Chengdu | 宰, 殺 | |
Yangzhou | 殺, 宰, 治 fish | |
Hefei | 殺, 治 fish | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 劏, 善 chicken |
Hong Kong | 劏 | |
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) | 劏 | |
Taishan | 劏 | |
Yangjiang | 劏 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 殺, 治 fish |
Hakka | Meixian | 治 |
Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 治 | |
Liudui (S. Sixian) | 治 | |
Hsinchu (Hailu) | 治 | |
Dongshi (Dabu) | 治 | |
Hsinchu (Raoping) | 治 | |
Yunlin (Zhao'an) | 治 | |
Hong Kong | 劏 | |
Sabah | 劏 | |
Singkawang | 劏 | |
Jin | Taiyuan | 宰, 殺 |
Min Bei | Jian'ou | 刣 |
Min Dong | Fuzhou | 刣, 刺 |
Min Nan | Xiamen | 刣 |
Quanzhou | 刣 | |
Zhangzhou | 刣 | |
Taipei | 刣 | |
Kaohsiung | 刣 | |
Penang | 刣 | |
Chaozhou | 刣 | |
Wu | Suzhou | 殺 |
Wenzhou | 㷟, 殺 | |
Xiang | Changsha | 殺, 宰 |
Shuangfeng | 殺 |
Compounds
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Etymology 2
From 衰 (OC *sʰrol, *srul, “to diminish; to decay”) + final *-t (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
Definitions
殺
Compounds
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Pronunciation
Pronunciation
Definitions
殺
- Only used in 蹩殺/蹩杀.
Pronunciation
Definitions
殺
- Only used in 降殺/降杀.
Japanese
殺 | |
殺 |
Readings
Compounds
- 縊殺 (isatsu): strangling to death
- 虐殺 (gyakusatsu)
- 人殺し (hitogoroshi)
- 必殺 (hissatsu)
- 殺人 (satsujin)
- 殺害 (satsugai)
- 殺気 (sakki)
- 殺菌 (sakkin)
- 殺傷 (sasshō)
- 殺身 (sasshin)
- 殺生 (sesshō)
- 殺青 (sassei)
- 殺節 (sassetsu)
- 殺到 (sattō)
- 殺伐 (satsubatsu)
- 殺風景 (sappūkei)
- 殺戮 (satsuriku)
- 殺略 (satsuryaku)
- 殺陣 (satsujin)
- 刺殺 (shisatsu)
- 自殺 (jisatsu): suicide
- 相殺 (sōsai)
- 他殺 (tasatsu)
- 抹殺 (massatsu)
- 黙殺 (mokusatsu)