mala
English
Noun
mala (plural malae)
Etymology 2
See malum.
Noun
mala (plural malas or mala)
Further reading
Hindu prayer beads on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Breton
Catalan
Esperanto
Pronunciation
Audio (file)
- IPA(key): /ˈmala/
- Hyphenation: mal‧a
- Rhymes: -ala
Faroese
Etymology
From Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malaną.
Verb
mala (third person singular past indicative mól, third person plural past indicative mólu, supine malið)
- to grind
Conjugation
v-58 | ||||
infinitive | mala | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | malandi | |||
past participle a26 | malin | |||
supine | malið | |||
number | singular | plural | ||
person | first | second | third | all |
indicative | eg | tú | hann/hon/tað | vit, tit, teir/tær/tey, tygum |
present | mali | melur | melur | mala |
past | mól | mól(st) | mól | mólu |
imperative | – | tú | – | tit |
present | — | mal! | — | malið! |
Galician
Icelandic
Etymology
From Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malaną.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmaːla/
- Rhymes: -aːla
Verb
mala (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative malaði, supine malað)
Conjugation
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að mala | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
malað | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
malandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég mala | við mölum | present (nútíð) |
ég mali | við mölum |
þú malar | þið malið | þú malir | þið malið | ||
hann, hún, það malar | þeir, þær, þau mala | hann, hún, það mali | þeir, þær, þau mali | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég malaði | við möluðum | past (þátíð) |
ég malaði | við möluðum |
þú malaðir | þið möluðuð | þú malaðir | þið möluðuð | ||
hann, hún, það malaði | þeir, þær, þau möluðu | hann, hún, það malaði | þeir, þær, þau möluðu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
mala (þú) | malið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
malaðu | maliði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að malast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
malast | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
malandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég malast | við mölumst | present (nútíð) |
ég malist | við mölumst |
þú malast | þið malist | þú malist | þið malist | ||
hann, hún, það malast | þeir, þær, þau malast | hann, hún, það malist | þeir, þær, þau malist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég malaðist | við möluðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég malaðist | við möluðumst |
þú malaðist | þið möluðust | þú malaðist | þið möluðust | ||
hann, hún, það malaðist | þeir, þær, þau möluðust | hann, hún, það malaðist | þeir, þær, þau möluðust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
malast (þú) | malist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
malastu | malisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
malaður | möluð | malað | malaðir | malaðar | möluð | |
accusative (þolfall) |
malaðan | malaða | malað | malaða | malaðar | möluð | |
dative (þágufall) |
möluðum | malaðri | möluðu | möluðum | möluðum | möluðum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
malaðs | malaðrar | malaðs | malaðra | malaðra | malaðra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
malaði | malaða | malaða | möluðu | möluðu | möluðu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
malaða | möluðu | malaða | möluðu | möluðu | möluðu | |
dative (þágufall) |
malaða | möluðu | malaða | möluðu | möluðu | möluðu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
malaða | möluðu | malaða | möluðu | möluðu | möluðu |
Indonesian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ma.la/
- Hyphenation: ma‧la
Further reading
- “mala” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia (KBBI) Daring, Jakarta: Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 2016.
Irish
Noun
mala f (genitive singular mala, nominative plural malaí)
Declension
Derived terms
- mala púiceach (“beetle brow”)
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
mala | mhala | not applicable |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- "mala" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- C. Marstrander, E. G. Quin et al., editors (1913–76), “mala”, in Dictionary of the Irish Language: Based Mainly on Old and Middle Irish Materials, Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, →ISBN
Latin
Etymology 1
From Proto-Italic *smakslā, from Proto-Indo-European *smek- (“beard”) as *smḱ- (“beard”) + *slo/h₂-.
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈmaː.la/, [ˈmaː.ɫa]
Noun
māla f (genitive mālae); first declension
Declension
First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | māla | mālae |
Genitive | mālae | mālārum |
Dative | mālae | mālīs |
Accusative | mālam | mālās |
Ablative | mālā | mālīs |
Vocative | māla | mālae |
Derived terms
References
- mala in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- mala in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- mala in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- mala in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
- mala in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
- Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) to be broken down by misfortune: in malis iacere
- (ambiguous) to be hard pressed by misfortune: malis urgeri
- (ambiguous) to have a good or bad reputation, be spoken well, ill of: bona, mala existimatio est de aliquo
- (ambiguous) moral science; ethics: philosophia, in qua de bonis rebus et malis, deque hominum vita et moribus disputatur
- (ambiguous) to take a thing in good (bad) part: in bonam (malam) partem accipere aliquid
- (ambiguous) a guilty conscience: conscientia mala or peccatorum, culpae, sceleris, delicti
- (ambiguous) to be tormented by remorse: conscientia mala angi, excruciari
- (ambiguous) to bless (curse) a person: precari alicui bene (male) or omnia bona (mala), salutem
- (ambiguous) from beginning to end: ab ovo usque ad mala (proverb.)
- (ambiguous) to be broken down by misfortune: in malis iacere
- mala in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Frankish *malha (“leather bag”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈma.la/, [ˈma.ɫa]
Declension
First-declension noun.
Case | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative | mala | malae |
Genitive | malae | malārum |
Dative | malae | malīs |
Accusative | malam | malās |
Ablative | malā | malīs |
Vocative | mala | malae |
Descendants
Latvian
Declension
Lithuanian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈmä̌ːlɐ]
Lovono
Norwegian Nynorsk
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /²mɑːlɑ/
Verb
mala (present tense mel, past tense mol, past participle male, present participle malande, imperative mal)
Old Norse
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *malaną, whence also Old Saxon malan, Old High German malan, Gothic 𐌼𐌰𐌻𐌰𐌽 (malan).
References
- mala in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- mala in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- mala in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- mala in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
- Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) to be broken down by misfortune: in malis iacere
- (ambiguous) to be hard pressed by misfortune: malis urgeri
- (ambiguous) to have a good or bad reputation, be spoken well, ill of: bona, mala existimatio est de aliquo
- (ambiguous) moral science; ethics: philosophia, in qua de bonis rebus et malis, deque hominum vita et moribus disputatur
- (ambiguous) to take a thing in good (bad) part: in bonam (malam) partem accipere aliquid
- (ambiguous) a guilty conscience: conscientia mala or peccatorum, culpae, sceleris, delicti
- (ambiguous) to be tormented by remorse: conscientia mala angi, excruciari
- (ambiguous) to bless (curse) a person: precari alicui bene (male) or omnia bona (mala), salutem
- (ambiguous) from beginning to end: ab ovo usque ad mala (proverb.)
- (ambiguous) to be broken down by misfortune: in malis iacere
- mala in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857) A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
Old Swedish
Etymology
From Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malaną.
Conjugation
present | past | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | mala | — | |||
participle | malandi, malande | malin | |||
active voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
iæk | mal | mali, male | — | mōl | mōli, mōle |
þū | mal | mali, male | mal | mōlt | mōli, mōle |
han | mal | mali, male | — | mōl | mōli, mōle |
vīr | malum, malom | malum, malom | malum, malom | mōlum, mōlom | mōlum, mōlom |
īr | malin | malin | malin | mōlin | mōlin |
þēr | mala | malin | — | mōlu, -o | mōlin |
mediopassive voice | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
iæk | mals | malis, males | — | mōls | mōlis, mōles |
þū | mals | malis, males | — | mōlts | mōlis, mōles |
han | mals | malis, males | — | mōls | mōlis, mōles |
vīr | malums, -oms | malums, maloms | — | mōlums, mōloms | mōlums, mōloms |
īr | malins | malins | — | mōlins | mōlins |
þēr | malas | malins | — | mōlus, mōlos | mōlins |
Pali
Alternative forms
Declension
Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
---|---|---|
Nominative (first) | malaṃ | malāni |
Accusative (second) | malaṃ | malāni |
Instrumental (third) | malena | malehi or malebhi |
Dative (fourth) | malassa or malāya or malatthaṃ | malānaṃ |
Ablative (fifth) | malasmā or malamhā or malā | malehi or malebhi |
Genitive (sixth) | malassa | malānaṃ |
Locative (seventh) | malasmiṃ or malamhi or male | malesu |
Vocative (calling) | mala | malāni |
Pitjantjatjara
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈmɐlɐ]
Portuguese
Etymology
From French malle (“large suitcase; trunk”), from Middle French malle, from Old French male (“leather bag, leather or wooden travel-case”), from Frankish *malha (“leather bag”), from Proto-Germanic *malhō (“leather bag”), from Proto-Indo-European *molko- (“leather bag”).
Noun
mala f (plural malas)
Scottish Gaelic
Noun
mala f (genitive singular mala, plural malaichean)
Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation | |
---|---|
Radical | Lenition |
mala | mhala |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- Faclair Gàidhlig Dwelly Air Loidhne, Dwelly, Edward (1911), Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic-English Dictionary (10th ed.), Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- C. Marstrander, E. G. Quin et al., editors (1913–76), “mala”, in Dictionary of the Irish Language: Based Mainly on Old and Middle Irish Materials, Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, →ISBN
Serbo-Croatian
Adjective
mala
- inflection of mal:
- feminine nominative/vocative singular
- indefinite masculine/neuter genitive singular
- indefinite animate masculine accusative singular
- neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural
Sicilian
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈma.la/
- Hyphenation: mà‧la
Spanish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈmala/
Etymology 2
From French malle (“large suitcase; trunk”), from Middle French malle, from Old French male (“leather bag, leather or wooden travel-case”), from Frankish *malha (“leather bag”), from Proto-Germanic *malhō (“leather bag”), from Proto-Indo-European *molko- (“leather bag”).
Derived terms
Further reading
- “mala” in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014.
Swedish
Etymology
From Old Swedish mala, from Old Norse mala, from Proto-Germanic *malaną.
Verb
mala (present mal, preterite malde, supine malt, imperative mal)
- to grind; to make smaller
- to speak ceaselessly, usually about one single subject