log
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- For the list of public logs on this wiki, see Special:Log.
Translingual
Usage notes
If not specified, the assumed base of the logarithm is either 2, 10, or e, depending on context. Base e is most common in professional mathematics, while base 10 is the default for many calculators and in secondary school pedagogy. Base 2 is frequently used in theoretical computer science but rare outside that field.
English
Etymology 1
From Middle English logge, logg, from Old Norse lóg, lág (“a felled tree; log”), from liggja (“to lie”). Cognate with Norwegian låg (“fallen tree”), Swedish dialectal låga, Swedish logg (“log”).
Alternatively, English log is perhaps a borrowing from Norwegian låg (“fallen tree”) or Swedish dialectal låga, borrowed through the Norwegian timber trade.[1]
Noun
log (plural logs)
- The trunk of a dead tree, cleared of branches.
- They walked across the stream on a fallen log.
- Any bulky piece as cut from the above, used as timber, fuel etc.
- 1995: New American Standard Bible: Matthew 7, 3 – 5
- Why do you look at the speck that is in your brother's eye, but do not notice the log that is in your own eye? Or how can you say to your brother, "Let me take the speck out of your eye," and behold, the log is in your own eye? You hypocrite, first take the log out of your own eye, and then you will see clearly to take the speck out of your brother's eye.
- 1995: New American Standard Bible: Matthew 7, 3 – 5
- A unit of length equivalent to 16 feet, used for measuring timber, especially the trunk of a tree.
- Anything shaped like a log; a cylinder.
- 1999, Glen Duncan, Hope
- […] it was a thing of sinuous durability, wound around the spirit like a tapeworm around a log of shit.
- 2011, Edward Espe Brown, The Complete Tassajara Cookbook
- Dip both sides in the sauce on the plate and then arrange a log of cheese filling down the middle of the tortilla.
- 1999, Glen Duncan, Hope
- (nautical) A floating device, usually of wood, used in navigation to estimate the speed of a vessel through water.
- (figuratively) A blockhead; a very stupid person.
- (surfing slang) A longboard.
- (figuratively) A rolled cake with filling.
- (mining) A weight or block near the free end of a hoisting rope to prevent it from being drawn through the sheave.
- (vulgar) A piece of feces.
Hyponyms
- (nautical): chip log, taffrail log
- (rolled cake): Swiss roll, Yule log
Derived terms
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
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Verb
log (third-person singular simple present logs, present participle logging, simple past and past participle logged)
- (transitive) To cut trees into logs.
- (transitive) To cut down (trees).
- 2013 June 29, “Unspontaneous combustion”, in The Economist, volume 407, number 8842, page 29:
- Since the mid-1980s, when Indonesia first began to clear its bountiful forests on an industrial scale in favour of lucrative palm-oil plantations, “haze” has become an almost annual occurrence in South-East Asia. The cheapest way to clear logged woodland is to burn it, producing an acrid cloud of foul white smoke that, carried by the wind, can cover hundreds, or even thousands, of square miles.
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- (intransitive) To cut down trees in an area, harvesting and transporting the logs as wood.
Synonyms
- (logbook):
Derived terms
Related terms
- (to cut down trees): logging
Translations
Etymology 2
From logbook, itself from log (above) + book, from a wooden float (chip log, or simply log) used to measure speed.
Noun
log (plural logs)
- A logbook, or journal of a vessel (or aircraft)'s progress
- 1883, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island
- The captain sat down to his log, and here is the beginning of the entry:...
- 1883, Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island
- A chronological record of actions, performances, computer/network usage, etc.
- (computer science) Specifically, an append-only sequence of records written to file.
Derived terms
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout#Translations.
Verb
log (third-person singular simple present logs, present participle logging, simple past and past participle logged)
Derived terms
Translations
Verb
log (third-person singular simple present logs, present participle logging, simple past and past participle logged)
- (obsolete) To move to and fro; to rock.
Etymology 4
From Hebrew לֹג.
Noun
log (plural logs)
- (historical units of measure) A Hebrew unit of liquid volume (about ⅓ L).
- Bible (KJV), Leviticus 14:10:
- ...and one log of oil...
- 1902, Jewish Encyclopedia, s.v. "Weights and Measures":
- In the Hebrew system the log (Lev. xiv. 10) corresponds to the mina. Since the Hellenistic writers equate the log with the Græco-Roman sextarius, whatever these writers say on the relation of the sextarius to other measures applies also to the relation of these measures to the log. The log and the sextarius, however, are not equal in capacity. The sextarius is estimated at .547 liter, while there is no reason to regard the log as larger than the Babylonian mina, especially as other references of the Greek metrologists support the assumption that the log was equal to the mina. The fact that in the Old Testament the log is mentioned only as a fluid measure may be merely accidental, for the dry measures, which are distinguished in all other cases from the liquid measures, also have the log as their unit. The corresponding dry measure may, however, have been known under a different name.
- Bible (KJV), Leviticus 14:10:
Etymology 5
From logarithm.
Derived terms
- common log
- lognormal
- natural log
Part or all of this entry has been imported from the 1913 edition of Webster’s Dictionary, which is now free of copyright and hence in the public domain. The imported definitions may be significantly out of date, and any more recent senses may be completely missing.
(See the entry for log in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, G. & C. Merriam, 1913.)
References
- Elliott K. Dobbie, C. William Dunmore, Robert K. Barnhart, et al. (editors), Chambers Dictionary of Etymology (Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, 2004 [1998], ISBN 0550142304), p. 607.
- "Weights and Measures" at Oxford Biblical Studies Online
Albanian
Etymology
From Proto-Albanian *lēga, from Proto-Indo-European *legh- (“to put down, lie down”). Compare Old Frisian lōch, Dutch oorlog (“war”), Middle High German urlage (“fate, battle”), Old English log (“place”), Old Norse løgi (“tranquillity”), Greek λόχος (lóchos, “confinement”), Tocharian A lake, Tocharian B leke (“lair”), Old Irish lige (“bad, grave”). Alternatively derived from Proto-Slavic *lǫgъ, compare Serbo-Croatian lug, Bulgarian лъг (lǎg).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [lɔɡ]
Noun
log m (indefinite plural logje, definite singular logu, definite plural logjet)
- field (in a forest); flat ground, area
- battlefield
Related terms
References
- Omari, Anila (2012), “log”, in Marrëdhëniet Gjuhësore Shqiptaro-Serbe, Tirana, Albania: Krishtalina KH, page 185
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lɔx/
- Rhymes: -ɔx
Etymology 1
Cognates may include English log, lag, Middle High German luggich (“slow”).
Adjective
log (comparative logger, superlative logst)
- lumbering, inert, slow in movement; immobile
- (originally) plumb, (too) heavy in built ande/or weight
- cumbersome, hard to move or change
- dull, uninspired
Inflection
Inflection of log | ||||
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uninflected | log | |||
inflected | logge | |||
comparative | logger | |||
positive | comparative | superlative | ||
predicative/adverbial | log | logger | het logst het logste | |
indefinite | m./f. sing. | logge | loggere | logste |
n. sing. | log | logger | logste | |
plural | logge | loggere | logste | |
definite | logge | loggere | logste | |
partitive | logs | loggers | — |
Derived terms
- loggat
- loggroot
- logheid
- logte
- logzwaar
- verloggen
Derived terms
- logbaar
- onlogbaar
Derived terms
- jammerlog
- loggat
- schutlog
Synonyms
- (derivation): logplankje n
Derived terms
Etymology 5
From logboek.
Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish loc (“place; hollow, pit, ditch; burial place, grave”), possibly from Latin locus.
Declension
First declension
Bare forms:
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Forms with the definite article:
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- Alternative declension
Second declension
Bare forms
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Forms with the definite article
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Derived terms
- logainm
- log amharclainne
- logán
- log an ghoile
- log catha
- log codlata
- log deice
- log dín
- logfhungas
- log margaidh
- log salainn
- log staighre
- log súile
- log tine
- log tógála
Further reading
- "log" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
- C. Marstrander, E. G. Quin et al., editors (1913–76), “1 loc”, in Dictionary of the Irish Language: Based Mainly on Old and Middle Irish Materials, Dublin: Royal Irish Academy, ISBN 9780901714299
Norwegian Nynorsk
Old English
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /loːx/
Etymology 1
From Proto-Germanic *lōgą, from Proto-Indo-European *legh-. Cognate with Old Frisian lōch, Old High German luog. The Indo-European root is also the source of Greek λέκτρον (léktron), Latin lectus (“bed”), Albanian log (“place for men, gathering”), Proto-Celtic *leg- (Old Irish lige, Irish luighe), Proto-Slavic *ležati (Russian лежа́ть (ležátʹ)).
Etymology 2
Inflected forms.
Slovene
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lóːk/