別
|
Translingual
Han character
別 (radical 18, 刀+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 口尸中弓 (RSLN), four-corner 62200, composition ⿰𠮠刂)
Derived characters
References
- KangXi: page 138, character 12
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1924
- Dae Jaweon: page 312, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 328, character 13
- Unihan data for U+5225
Chinese
trad. | 別 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 别* | |
variant forms | 𠛰 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 別 | ||
---|---|---|
Shang | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Oracle bone script | Qin slip script | Small seal script |
Characters in the same phonetic series (别) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
---|---|
Old Chinese | |
捌 | *preːd, *praːd |
哵 | *preːd |
別 | *pred, *bred |
莂 | *pred |
Ideogrammic compound (會意) : 冎 (“bone”) + 刂 (“knife”) – to cut up bone and flesh.
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *brat (“cut apart, cut open”). Cognate to 八 (OC *preːd, “to divide; to differentiate”), 列 (OC *red), 裂 (OC *red).
Mei (2008) proposes that the intransitive sense "to leave, to part" (with voiced initial *b- in Middle Chinese) is primary and that the transitive sense "to discriminate, to discriminate" (with voiceless initial *p-) is derived from the intransitive sense with the Old Chinese causative prefix *s-, resulting in a devoicing effect: *s-b- > *s-p- > *p-; compare 黑 (OC *s-mək, “black”) from 墨 (OC *mək, “ink”). On the other hand, Sagart and Baxter (2012) consider the intransitive sense to be derived from the transitive sense (*pret) by prefixation of *N-, resulting in a voicing effect: *N-p- > *N-b- > *b-; compare 敗 (OC *N-pˤrat-s, “to suffer defeat”) from 敗 (OC *pˤrat-s, “to defeat”).
Pronunciation
Definitions
別
- † to cut apart; to divide up
- to divide; to separate
- to distinguish; to differentiate; to discriminate
- distinction; difference; contrast
- group; class; kind
- to leave; to part
- to see someone off
- to pin; to clip
- to turn; to change
- to stick something in; to bolt
- (Min Nan) to interpret (one's fortune); to predicate
- ⇒ 逼
- 別籤詩 / 别签诗 [Min Nan] ― piat chhiam-si [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to interpret lottery poetry (poetry associated with fortune sticks)
- another; other
- special; unique; peculiar; particular
- misspelled; erroneous
- besides; in addition
- by oneself; on one's own; separately
- had better not; do not; don't
- particle used with 是 after it to express supposition, often an imagined unfavourable scenario
- A surname.
Synonyms
Compounds
|
|
|
Japanese
Readings
Compounds
Inflection
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | 別だろ | べつだろ | betsu daro |
Continuative (連用形) | 別で | べつで | betsu de |
Terminal (終止形) | 別だ | べつだ | betsu da |
Attributive (連体形) | 別な | べつな | betsu na |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | 別なら | べつなら | betsu nara |
Imperative (命令形) | 別であれ | べつであれ | betsu de are |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 別ではない 別じゃない |
べつではない べつじゃない |
betsu de wa nai betsu ja nai |
Informal past | 別だった | べつだった | betsu datta |
Informal negative past | 別ではなかった 別じゃなかった |
べつではなかった べつじゃなかった |
betsu de wa nakatta betsu ja nakatta |
Formal | 別です | べつです | betsu desu |
Formal negative | 別ではありません 別じゃありません |
べつではありません べつじゃありません |
betsu de wa arimasen betsu ja arimasen |
Formal past | 別でした | べつでした | betsu deshita |
Formal negative past | 別ではありませんでした 別じゃありませんでした |
べつではありませんでした べつじゃありませんでした |
betsu de wa arimasen deshita betsu ja arimasen deshita |
Conjunctive | 別で | べつで | betsu de |
Conditional | 別なら(ば) | べつなら(ば) | betsu nara (ba) |
Provisional | 別だったら | べつだったら | betsu dattara |
Volitional | 別だろう | べつだろう | betsu darō |
Adverbial | 別に | べつに | betsu ni |
Degree | 別さ | べつさ | betsusa |
Derived terms
- 別に (betsu ni)
Korean
Hanja
別 • (byeol) (hangeul 별, revised byeol, McCune–Reischauer pyŏl)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.