U+86C7, 蛇
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-86C7

[U+86C6]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+86C8]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

(radical 142, +5, 11 strokes, cangjie input 中戈十心 (LIJP), four-corner 53111, composition)

Derived characters

  • , 𨫯, 𬠶

References

  • KangXi: page 1080, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 32964
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1548, character 36
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2845, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+86C7

Chinese

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*l̥ʰaːl, *l'aːl
*l̥ʰaːl, *l'aːlʔ
*l̥ʰaːl
*l̥ʰaːl, *ɦljaːl, *lal
*l̥ʰaːlʔ, *l'aːl, *l'aːlʔ
*l'aːl
*l'aːl
*l'aːl
*l'aːl
*l'aːl
*l'aːl, *l'aːlʔ
*l'aːl
*l'aːl, *l'aːlʔ, *hlel, *lal, *l̥ʰoːl
*l'aːl
*l'aːl
*l'aːlʔ
*l'aːlʔ
*ɦljaːl, *hljal

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *l̥ʰaːl, *ɦljaːl, *lal) : semantic  + phonetic  (OC *l̥ʰaːl). was also the original pictographic form of this character.

Etymology 1

Unknown. Starostin sets up Proto-Sino-Tibetan *lăj (snake) and compared with Mizo hlai-ba (a species of snake) and Jingpho pə³³ lai³³ (a species of iguana). Outside Sino-Tibetan, this was compared with Proto-Kam-Sui *dzuːi² (snake) and Proto-Hlai *ljaːɦ (snake) (< Pre-Hlai *Cilaːɦ).

Alternatively, Schuessler (2007) considered the Tai-Kadai forms to be possible borrowings from Chinese, and the above-cited Tibeto-Burman forms to be unrelated. In his view, a more likely relationship is with the /-lé/ in Khmer រលេ (rɔlei, sinuously, in a twisting or wiggling manner (as a snake swimming)). In Old Chinese, this also provides the second syllable in 委蛇 (OC *qrol lal, “winding; compliant; graceful”). (the winding thing) is then a euphemism for common Sino-Tibetan (OC *hŋlulʔ, “snake”) for taboo reasons.

Pronunciation 1


Note:
  • chôa - vernacular;
  • siâ - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ʂɤ³⁵/
Harbin /ʂɤ²⁴/
Tianjin /ʂɑ⁴⁵/
/sɑ⁴⁵/
/ʂɤ⁴⁵/
/sɤ⁴⁵/
Jinan /ʂa⁴²/
Qingdao /ʃə⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʂʐ̩ɛ⁴²/
Xi'an /ʂɤ²⁴/
Xining /ʂɛ²⁴/
Yinchuan /ʂə⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʂə⁵³/
Ürümqi /ʂɤ⁵¹/
Wuhan /sɤ²¹³/
Chengdu /se³¹/
Guiyang /se²¹/
Kunming /ʂə³¹/
Nanjing /ʂe²⁴/
Hefei /ʂe⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /sɤ¹¹/
Pingyao /ʈ͡ʂʰʐ̩e̞¹³/
Hohhot /sɤ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /zo²³/
Suzhou /zo¹³/
Hangzhou /d͡zz̩ʷei²¹³/
Wenzhou /ze³¹/
Hui Shexian /ɕie⁴⁴/
/ɕia⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ɕia⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ʂə¹³/
/ʂa¹³/
Xiangtan /ʂɒ¹²/
Gan Nanchang /sɑ⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /sa¹¹/
Taoyuan /ʃɑ¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /sɛ²¹/
Nanning /sɛ²¹/
Hong Kong /sɛ²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /sia³⁵/
/t͡sua³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /sie⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /yɛ³³/
Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sua⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /tua³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 3/3 2/3
Initial () (27) (6)
Final () (100) (94)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () III I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʑia/ /tʰɑ/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʑia/ /tʰɑ/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʑia/ /tʰɑ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʑia/ /tʰa/
Li
Rong
/d͡ʑia/ /tʰɑ/
Wang
Li
/d͡ʑĭa/ /tʰɑ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/d͡ʑʰi̯a/ /tʰɑ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
shé tuō
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
shé
Middle
Chinese
‹ zyæ ›
Old
Chinese
/*Cə.lAj/
English snake

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/3 1/3
No. 12232 12211
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1 1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɦljaːl/ /*l̥ʰaːl/
Notes
Definitions

  1. snake; serpent (Classifier: m c;  m)
  2. snake-like; snaky
  3. emperor; gentleman
  4. relating to illegal migration and people smuggling
  5. (Cantonese, poker) straight
  6. A surname.
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of (“snake”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)
Taxonomic name
Mandarin Beijing 長蟲
Taiwan
Harbin 長蟲,
Shenyang 長蟲
Hailar 長蟲
Ulanhot 長蟲
Tongliao 長蟲
Chifeng
Bayanhot
Jinan 長蟲,
Muping 長蟲
Luoyang 長蟲
Wanrong
Xi'an 長蟲
Zhengzhou 長蟲
Xining
Xuzhou 長蟲,
Yinchuan
Lanzhou 長蟲,
Ürümqi 長蟲,
Wuhan
Chengdu , 梳老二, 長蟲
Guiyang 老蛇
Guilin
Liuzhou , 溜子 dated
Kunming 長蟲
Yangzhou
Nanjing 蛇兒
Hefei
Nantong , 長蟲
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)
Cantonese Guangzhou
Hong Kong
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
Macau
Panyu
Huadu (Huashan)
Conghua
Zengcheng
Foshan
Nanhai (Shatou)
Shunde
Sanshui
Gaoming (Mingcheng)
Zhongshan (Shiqi)
Zhuhai (Qianshan)
Doumen (Shangheng Tanka)
Doumen
Jiangmen (Baisha)
Xinhui
Taishan
Kaiping (Chikan)
Enping (Niujiang)
Heshan (Yayao)
Dongguan
Bao'an (Shajing)
Dapeng
Shaoguan
Yunfu
Yangjiang
Xinyi
Lianjiang
Nanning
Wuzhou
Yulin , 長蟲
Hepu
Danzhou
Kuala Lumpur
Ho Chi Minh City
Gan Nanchang
Lichuan
Pingxiang
Hakka Meixian 蛇哥
Luchuan
Yudu
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 蛇哥
Liudui (S. Sixian) 蛇哥
Hsinchu (Hailu) , 蛇哥
Dongshi (Dabu) , 蛇哥
Hsinchu (Raoping)
Yunlin (Zhao'an)
Hong Kong 蛇哥
Sabah (Longchuan) 蛇哥,
Senai
Singkawang
Huizhou Jixi
Shexian
Tunxi
Xiuning
Yixian
Qimen
Wuyuan
Fuliang
Dexing
Jin Taiyuan
Pingyao
Xinzhou
Baochang
Jining
Hohhot
Baotou
Dongsheng
Linhe 長蟲
Haibowan
Min Bei Jian'ou
Dikou
Zhenqian
Shibei
Min Dong Fuzhou 老蛇,
Changle 老蛇
Fuqing 老蛇
Yongtai 老蛇
Gutian 老蛇
Fu'an 老蛇
Ningde 老蛇
Shouning 老蛇
Zhouning 老蛇
Fuding 老蛇
Matsu 老蛇
Min Nan Xiamen
Quanzhou
Zhangzhou
Dongshan
Taipei
Kaohsiung
Tainan
Taichung
Wuqi
Hsinchu
Taitung
Lukang
Sanxia
Yilan
Kinmen
Magong
Penang
Singapore
Philippines (Manila)
Zhangping
Zhangping (Yongfu)
Pingnan
Chaozhou
Shantou
Johor Bahru
Wenchang
Haikou
Leizhou
Puxian Min Putian 大蛇,
Xianyou 老蛇
Pinghua Nanning
Guilin
Shehua Fu'an 老蛇
Fuding
Luoyuan
Sanming
Shunchang
Hua'an
Guixi
Cangnan
Jingning
Lishui
Longyou
Chaozhou
Fengshun
Wu Shanghai , 水蛇
Suzhou
Wuxi
Hangzhou
Wenzhou
Chongming
Danyang
Jinhua
Ningbo
Xiang Changsha , 溜子
Shuangfeng , 溜子
Xiangtan
Loudi
Quanzhou
Compounds

Pronunciation 2



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/3
Initial () (36)
Final () (11)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/jiᴇ/
Pan
Wuyun
/jiɛ/
Shao
Rongfen
/jɛ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/jiə̆/
Li
Rong
/ie/
Wang
Li
/jǐe/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ie̯/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
Middle
Chinese
‹ ye ›
Old
Chinese
/*laj/
English 委蛇 compliant, complacent

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 3/3
No. 12236
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*lal/
Definitions

  1. Only used in 蛇蛇 (“facile (of words); calmly; leisurely”) and 委蛇 (wēiyí, “winding; meandering; pretending interest and sympathy”).

Etymology 2

From English sir.

Pronunciation


Definitions

  1. (Cantonese) sir (used when addressing policemen or male schoolteachers)

References


Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

Compounds

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
へみ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

/pemi//ɸemi//hemi/

From Old Japanese. The older form of modern hebi below.[1] Possibly cognate with Korean (baem, snake).

Possibly related to, or influenced by, Old Japanese-derived verb 食む (hamu, to bite).

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana へみ, rōmaji hemi)

  1. (obsolete) snake
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
へび
Grade: S
kun’yomi

/hemi//hebi/

From earlier hemi.[1][2] The medial /m/ lost its nasal quality to become a plosive.

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana へび, katakana ヘビ, rōmaji hebi)

  1. snake, serpent
    • 1999 March 6, “デビル・スネーク [Devil Snake]”, in Starter Boxスターターボックス, Konami:
       () (ひと)つしかないヘビ (れい) ()をはき ()し、 (あい) () (こおり)づけにする。
      Me ga hitotsu shikanai hebi. Reiki o hakidashi, aite o kōrizuke ni suru.
      A single-eyed snake that breathes out frigid air to freeze its opponents.
    • 1999 May 27, “をすするもの [Lifeblood-Slurping One]”, in Vol.3, Konami:
       (くら) (やみ) (なか) (みち) () (ひと) (びと) (おそ) (ひと) (がた) (きゅう) (けつ)ヘビ
      Kurayami no naka, michiyuku hitobito o osou hitogata no kyūketsu hebi.
      A humanoid blood-sucking serpent who assaults passerby from the dark.
    • 2000 May 1, “グラップラー [Grappler]”, in BOOSTER 7, Konami:
      ずるがしこいヘビ (ふと)くて (なが) (しん) (たい) () ()ける (こう) (げき) (ちゅう) ()
      Zurugashikoi hebi. Futokute nagai shintai de shimetsukeru kōgeki ni chūi!
      Watch out! This devious serpent will grapple you tight with its long and thick body!
Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts, as ヘビ.

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
くちなわ
Grade: S
kun’yomi

/kutinapa//kutinaɸa//kutinawa//kut͡ɕinawa/

Compound of 朽ち (kuchi, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, continuative or stem form) of verb 朽ちる (kuchiru, to rot)) + (nawa, rope, cord).[1][4][2][5] Literally “rotten rope”, based on the appearance of a snake.

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana くちなわ, rōmaji kuchinawa, historical hiragana くちなは)

  1. (obsolete) snake

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
じゃ
Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese (zyæ).

Pronunciation

Noun

(hiragana じゃ, rōmaji ja)

  1. snake, large snake, serpent
Derived terms

References

  1. 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan
  2. 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  3. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  4. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  5. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

(sa, i) (hangeul , )

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Miyako

Kanji

(hiragana ぱゔ, romaji pav)

Noun

(hiragana ぱゔ, romaji pav)

  1. Alternative form of 波布 (snake, viper, Okinawan habu)

Oki-No-Erabu

Kanji

(hiragana ひび, romaji hibi)

Etymology

Cognate with Japanese (hebi).

Noun

(hiragana ひび, romaji hibi)

  1. snake

Okinawan

Kanji

(hiragana はぶ, romaji habu)

Noun

(hiragana はぶ, romaji habu)

  1. Alternative form of 波布 (snake, viper, Okinawan habu)

Vietnamese

Han character

(xà, thạch)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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