Altacreodus

Altacreodus ("creodont from Alberta")[1] is an extinct genus of eutherian mammals. Fossils have been found in North America where they first appeared during the Late Cretaceous, and they died out prior to the start of the Paleocene. It is possibly one of the earliest known placental mammals in the fossil record.

Altacreodus
Temporal range: Late Cretaceous
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Mirorder: Ferae
Clade: Pan-Carnivora
Genus: †Altacreodus
Fox, 2015[1]
Type species
†Altacreodus magnus
Clemens & Russell, 1965[2]
Synonyms
synonyms of species:
  • A. magnus:
    • Cimolestes magnus (Clemens & Russell, 1965)

The type species is "Cimolestes" magnus, which was renamed Altacreodus magnus in 2015.[1] Recent phylogenetic analyses suggests that genus Altacreodus is a member of clade Pan-Carnivora and the closest known sister taxon to genus Tinerhodon and the order Hyaenodonta,[3][4][5] based on anatomy of its teeth.[1] In some studies its position as a crown-group placental has been equivocal.[6]

Phylogeny

The phylogenetic relationships of genus Altacreodus are shown in the following cladogram.[7][4][8][9]

 Ferae 

Pholidotamorpha

 Pan-Carnivora 

†Oxyaenodonta

Carnivoramorpha

 †Hyaenodonta 

†Hyaenodonta (sensu stricto)

 ? 

†Wyolestidae

 ? 

†Simidectes

†Tinerhodon

 †Altacreodus 

†Altacreodus magnus

 †Altacreodus/Tinerhodon clade
 sensu lato 

See also

References
  1. Richard C. Fox (2015). "A revision of the Late Cretaceous–Paleocene eutherian mammal Cimolestes (Marsh, 1889)". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 52 (12): 1137–1149. Bibcode:2015CaJES..52.1137F. doi:10.1139/cjes-2015-0113.
  2. Clemens, W. A. Jr. and Russell, L. S. (1965.) "Mammalian fossils from the upper Edmonton Formation." University of Alberta Geology Bulletin, 2: 32–40.
  3. Matthew R. Borths; Patricia A. Holroyd; Erik R. Seiffert (2016). "Hyainailourine and teratodontine cranial material from the late Eocene of Egypt and the application of parsimony and Bayesian methods to the phylogeny and biogeography of Hyaenodonta (Placentalia, Mammalia)". PeerJ. 4: e2639. doi:10.7717/peerj.2639. PMC 5111901. PMID 27867761.
  4. Borths, Matthew R; Stevens, Nancy J (2017). "Deciduous dentition and dental eruption of Hyainailouroidea (Hyaenodonta, "Creodonta," Placentalia, Mammalia)". Palaeontologia Electronica. 20 (3): 55A. doi:10.26879/776.
  5. Andreas Lang (2023.) "Analysis of functional morphology in carnassial dentitions (Carnivora, Dasyuromorphia, Hyaenodonta)". Dissertation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn.
  6. Upham, Nathan S.; Esselstyn, Jacob A.; Jetz, Walter (2021-10-11). "Molecules and fossils tell distinct yet complementary stories of mammal diversification". Current Biology. 31 (19): 4195–4206.e3. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2021.07.012. ISSN 0960-9822. PMC 9090300. PMID 34329589.
  7. Zack, S. P. (2011). "New species of the rare early Eocene creodont Galecyon and the radiation of early Hyaenodontidae". Journal of Paleontology. 85 (2): 315–336. Bibcode:2011JPal...85..315Z. doi:10.1666/10-093.1. S2CID 85706831.
  8. Matthew R. Borths; Nancy J. Stevens (2019). "Simbakubwa kutokaafrika, gen. et sp. nov. (Hyainailourinae, Hyaenodonta, 'Creodonta,' Mammalia), a gigantic carnivore from the earliest Miocene of Kenya". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 39 (1): e1570222. Bibcode:2019JVPal..39E0222B. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1570222. S2CID 145972918.
  9. Floréal Solé; Bernard Marandat; Fabrice Lihoreau (2020). "The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian". Geodiversitas. 42 (13): 185–214. doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13.
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