Metasinopa

Metasinopa ("next to Sinopa") is a genus of teratodontine hyaenodont that lived during the early Oligocene in Egypt (northern Africa).

Metasinopa
Temporal range: Early Oligocene
lower jaw of Metasinopa fraasii
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: †Hyaenodonta
Superfamily: †Hyainailouroidea
Family: †Teratodontidae
Subfamily: †Teratodontinae
Genus: †Metasinopa
Osborn, 1909
Type species
†Metasinopa fraasi
Osborn, 1909
Species
  • †M. ethiopica (Andrews, 1906)[1]
  • †M. fraasi (Osborn, 1909)[2]
  • †M. osborni (Holroyd, 1994)[3]
Synonyms
synonyms of species:
  • M. ethiopica:
    • Sinopa ethiopica (Andrews, 1906)

Taxonomy

Although Metasinopa fraasi is the only unambiguous species of the genus, the early Miocene species Metasinopa napaki from Uganda was originally assigned to Metasinopa by Savage (1965), but was later moved to Paracynohyaenodon by van Valen (1967), and is now assigned to the Miocene Anasinopa, as A. napaki.[4] "Sinopa" ethiopica has been assigned to Metasinopa following Savage (1965), but may be its own genus considering its younger age relative to M. fraasi.[5]

Phylogeny

The phylogenetic relationships of genus Metasinopa are shown in the following cladogram:[6][7][8][9][10][11]

 †Teratodontidae 
 †Teratodontinae 

†Furodon

 ? 

†Teratodontinae sp. (BC 2’08)

 ? 

†Teratodontinae sp. (CBI-1-614)

†Ekweeconfractus

†Paratritemnodon

†Kyawdawia

†Brychotherium

 ? 

†Teratodontinae sp. (Locality BQ-2, Fayum, Egypt)

†Dissopsalini

 †Metasinopa 

†Metasinopa ethiopica

†Metasinopa fraasii

†Metasinopa osborni

†Metasinopa sp. (DPC 4544 & DPC 10199)

†Masrasector nananubis

 ? 

†Masrasector pithecodacos

†Masrasector aegypticum

†Masrasector ligabuei

†Anasinopa

†Teratodontini
†Kyawdawia clade
 †Masrasector 

See also

References
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Metasinopa.
  1. C. W. Andrews (1906.) "A Descriptive Catalogue of the Tertiary Vertebrata of Fayum, Egypt" 1-324
  2. H. F. Osborn (1909.) "New carnivorous mammals from the Fayûm Oligocene, Egypt." Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 26:415-424
  3. Holroyd, Patricia Ann (1994.) "An examination of dispersal origins of Fayum Mammalia" Duke University, Ph.D. dissertation.
  4. Jorge Morales; Martin Pickford (2017). "New hyaenodonts (Ferae, Mammalia) from the Early Miocene of Napak (Uganda), Koru (Kenya) and Grillental (Namibia)" (PDF). Fossil Imprint. 73 (3–4): 332–359. doi:10.2478/if-2017-0019. S2CID 31350436.
  5. Lewis, Margaret E.; Morlo, Michael (2010). "Creodonta". Cenozoic Mammals of Africa. pp. 542–560. doi:10.1525/california/9780520257214.003.0026. ISBN 9780520257214.
  6. Borths, Matthew R.; Stevens, Nancy J. (2017). "Deciduous dentition and dental eruption of Hyainailouroidea (Hyaenodonta, "Creodonta," Placentalia, Mammalia)". Palaeontologia Electronica. 20 (3): 55A. doi:10.26879/776.
  7. Matthew R. Borths; Nancy J. Stevens (2019). "Simbakubwa kutokaafrika, gen. et sp. nov. (Hyainailourinae, Hyaenodonta, 'Creodonta,' Mammalia), a gigantic carnivore from the earliest Miocene of Kenya". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 39 (1): e1570222. Bibcode:2019JVPal..39E0222B. doi:10.1080/02724634.2019.1570222. S2CID 145972918.
  8. Floréal Solé; Bernard Marandat; Fabrice Lihoreau (2020). "The hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the French locality of Aumelas (Hérault), with possible new representatives from the late Ypresian". Geodiversitas. 42 (13): 185–214. doi:10.5252/geodiversitas2020v42a13. S2CID 219585388.
  9. Solé, F.; Morlo, M.; Schaal, T.; Lehmann, T. (2021). "New hyaenodonts (Mammalia) from the late Ypresian locality of Prémontré (France) support a radiation of the hyaenodonts in Europe already at the end of the early Eocene". Geobios. 66–67: 119–141. Bibcode:2021Geobi..66..119S. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2021.02.004. S2CID 234848856.
  10. Flink, T.; Cote, S. (2021). "The neurocranium of Ekweeconfractus amorui gen. et sp. nov. (Hyaenodonta, Mammalia) and the evolution of the brain in some hyaenodontan carnivores". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 41 (2): e1927748. Bibcode:2021JVPal..41E7748F. doi:10.1080/02724634.2021.1927748. S2CID 237518007.
  11. Averianov, Alexander; Obraztsova, Ekaterina; Danilov, Igor; Jin, Jian-Hua (2023). "A new hypercarnivorous hyaenodont from the Eocene of South China". Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 11. doi:10.3389/fevo.2023.1076819. ISSN 2296-701X.
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