Prokineticin receptor 2

Prokineticins are secreted proteins that can promote angiogenesis and induce strong gastrointestinal smooth muscle contraction. The protein encoded by this gene is an integral membrane protein and G protein-coupled receptor for prokineticins. PKR₂ is composed of 384 amino acids. Asparagine residues at position 7 and 27 undergo N-linked glycosylation.[5] Cysteine residues at position 128 and 208 form a disulfide bond.[5] The encoded protein is similar in sequence to GPR73, another G protein-coupled receptor for prokineticins.[6] PKR₂ is also linked to mammalian circadian rhythm.[7] Levels of PKR₂ mRNA fluctuate in the suprachiasmatic nucleus, increasing during the day and decreasing at night.[7]

Mutations in the PROKR2 (also known as KAL3) gene have been implicated in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and gynecomastia.[8] Total loss of PKR₂ in mice leads to spontaneous torpor usually beginning at dusk and lasting for 8 hours on average.[9]

PKR₂ functions as a G protein-coupled receptor, thus it has a signaling cascade when it's ligand binds. PKR₂ is a Gq-coupled protein, so when the ligand binds, beta-type phospholipase C is activated which creates inositol triphosphate. This then triggers calcium release inside the cell.[10]

• Prokineticin receptor
• Kallmann syndrome

• GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Kallmann syndrome
• "Prokineticin Receptors: PKR₂". IUPHAR Database of Receptors and Ion Channels. International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.