齧

See also: 嚙, 囓, 𪘂, and 𫜩

齧	U+9F67, 齧 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F67

← 齦
[U+9F66]

CJK Unified Ideographs

齨 →
[U+9F68]

Translingual

Traditional	齧/嚙/囓
Shinjitai (extended)	𪘂∣噛
Simplified	啮

Han character

齧 (radical 211, 齒+6, 21 strokes, cangjie input 手竹卜一山 (QHYMU), four-corner 5777₂, composition ⿱㓞齒)

Derived characters

囓, 𡔐, 𡿖, 䥹

Related characters

嚙, 囓 (Variant traditional form in Chinese)
𪘂 (Extended shinjitai)
𫜩 (Non standard form in simplified Chinese)

References

KangXi: page 1534, character 4
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48651
Dae Jaweon: page 2072, character 14
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4792, character 8
Unihan data for U+9F67

Usage notes

Note that in traditional Chinese, 齧 has two variant forms 嚙 and 囓 (same in meaning and usage but different in appearance) whereas in Japanese, 齧 (shinjitai form: 𪘂) and 嚙 (shinjitai form: 噛) are used in different compound words. In simplified Chinese, only 啮 is used.

Chinese

trad.		齧/嚙/囓
simp.		啮

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (丯) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
夆	pʰoŋ, boŋ, *ɡaːds
丯	*kreːds
瘛	kʰjeds, ɡeːds, *kʰjed
觢	*ɡjeds
契	kʰeːds, kʰeːd, kʰeːd, kʰɯd
栔	*kʰeːds
禊	*ɡeːds
稧	*ɡeːds
楔	kreːd, sqʰeːd
葜	*kʰreːd
猰	qreːd, kraːd, *kʰeːd
窫	*qreːd
揳	*sqʰeːd
偰	*sqʰeːd
潔	*keːd
絜	keːd, ɡeːd
鍥	keːd, kʰeːd
挈	*kʰeːd
蛪	*kʰeːd
齧	*ŋeːd
褉	*qʰeːd
喫	*ŋ̊ʰeːɡ

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): niè (nie⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄝˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jit⁶, ngaat⁶, ngit⁶, jit³
Min Nan (POJ): khòe / khè / khoeh / kheh

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: niè
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄝˋ
  - Wade–Giles: nieh⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nieh
  - IPA ^(key): /ni̯ɛ⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jit⁶, ngaat⁶, ngit⁶, jit³
  - Yale: yiht, ngaaht, ngiht, yit
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jit⁹, ngaat⁹, ngit⁹, jit⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: yid⁶, ngad⁶, ngid⁶, yid³
  - IPA ^(key): /jiːt̚²/, /ŋäːt̚²/, /ŋiːt̚²/, /jiːt̚³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khòe
  - Tâi-lô: khuè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qoex
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰue⁴¹/
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰue²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kʰue¹¹/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khè
  - Tâi-lô: khè
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qex
  - IPA (Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou): /kʰe²¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khoeh
  - Tâi-lô: khueh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qoeq
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kʰueʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kheh
  - Tâi-lô: kheh
  - Phofsit Daibuun: qeq
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kʰeʔ³²/

Middle Chinese: /ŋet̚/▼

Rime
Character	齧
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	屑 (87)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	五結切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋet̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋet̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋɛt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɛt̚/
Li Rong	/ŋet̚/
Wang Li	/ŋiet̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋiet̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yè

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ˤet/

(Zhengzhang): /*ŋeːd/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	齧
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	niè
Middle Chinese	‹ nget ›
Old Chinese	/*[ŋ]ˁet/
English	gnaw
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	齧
Reading #	1/1
No.	6516
Phonetic component	丯
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	齧
Old Chinese	/*ŋeːd/

Definitions

齧

to bite; to gnaw
(archaic) to erode
- 惠公曰：「昔王季歷葬於楚山之尾，灓水齧其墓。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  惠公曰：“昔王季历葬于楚山之尾，灓水啮其墓。” [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Strategies of the Warring States, Strategies of Wei (《戰國策·魏策二》)
  Huì gōng yuē: “Xī wáng Jì Lì zàng yú Chǔ shān zhī wěi, luán shuǐ niè qí mù.” [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this example)
(archaic) breach; flaw
- 夫牆之壞也於隙，劍之折必有齧，聖人見之密，故萬物莫能傷也。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  夫墙之坏也于隙，剑之折必有啮，圣人见之密，故万物莫能伤也。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: Huainanzi, Lectures in the World of Man (《淮南子·人間訓》)
  Fū qiáng zhī huài yě yú xì, jiàn zhī zhé bì yǒu niè, shèngrén jiàn zhī mì, gù wànwù mò néng shāng yě. [Pinyin]
  (please add an English translation of this example)
A surname.

Compounds

窮鼠齧貓／穷鼠啮猫
養虎自齧／养虎自啮
齧合／啮合
齧臂／啮臂

齧臂之交／啮臂之交
齧臂盟／啮臂盟
齧蘗吞針／啮蘗吞针

齧雪吞氈／啮雪吞毡
齧雪餐氈／啮雪餐毡
齧齒／啮齿 (nièchǐ)

References

“齧”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	𪘂
Kyūjitai	齧

Kanji

齧

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 𪘂)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

On (unclassified): けつ (ketsu); げつ (getsu)
Kun: かむ (kamu, 齧む); かじる (kajiru, 齧る)

Compounds

齧歯類 (げっしるい) (gesshirui): rodent
齧歯目 (げっしもく) (gesshimoku): rodent
齧 (かじ)り散 (ち)らす (kajirichirasu): to gnaw and scatter around

Korean

Hanja

齧 • (seol) (hangeul 설, revised seol, McCune–Reischauer sŏl, Yale sel)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

齧 (khiết)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Nom Foundation

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.