1846

1846 (MDCCCXLVI) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar, the 1846th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 846th year of the 2nd millennium, the 46th year of the 19th century, and the 7th year of the 1840s decade. As of the start of 1846, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1846 in topic
Humanities
Archaeology – Architecture – Art
Film - Literature – Music - (jazz)
By country
Australia – Belgium – Brazil – Bulgaria – Canada – Denmark – France – Germany – Mexico – New Zealand – Norway – Philippines – Portugal – Russia – South Africa – Spain – Sweden – United Kingdom – United States – Venezuela
Other topics
Rail transport – Science – Sports
Lists of leaders
Sovereign states – State leaders – Territorial governors – Religious leaders
Birth and death categories
Births – Deaths
Establishments and disestablishments categories
Establishments – Disestablishments
Works category
Works
1846 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1846
MDCCCXLVI
Ab urbe condita2599
Armenian calendar1295
ԹՎ ՌՄՂԵ
Assyrian calendar6596
Baháʼí calendar2–3
Balinese saka calendar1767–1768
Bengali calendar1253
Berber calendar2796
British Regnal year9 Vict. 1 – 10 Vict. 1
Buddhist calendar2390
Burmese calendar1208
Byzantine calendar7354–7355
Chinese calendar乙巳年 (Wood Snake)
4542 or 4482
    — to —
丙午年 (Fire Horse)
4543 or 4483
Coptic calendar1562–1563
Discordian calendar3012
Ethiopian calendar1838–1839
Hebrew calendar5606–5607
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1902–1903
 - Shaka Samvat1767–1768
 - Kali Yuga4946–4947
Holocene calendar11846
Igbo calendar846–847
Iranian calendar1224–1225
Islamic calendar1262–1263
Japanese calendarKōka 3
(弘化３年)
Javanese calendar1773–1774
Julian calendarGregorian minus 12 days
Korean calendar4179
Minguo calendar66 before ROC
民前66年
Nanakshahi calendar378
Thai solar calendar2388–2389
Tibetan calendar阴木蛇年
(female Wood-Snake)
1972 or 1591 or 819
    — to —
阳火马年
(male Fire-Horse)
1973 or 1592 or 820
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 1846.
April 25: Mexican–American War begins.

Events

January–March

April–June

July–September
  • July 7 – Mexican–American War: Battle of Monterey – Acting on instructions from Washington, D.C., Commodore John Drake Sloat orders his troops to occupy Monterey and Yerba Buena, thus beginning the United States annexation of California.
  • August – Canadian physician and geologist Abraham Pineo Gesner demonstrates a process to refine a liquid fuel, which he calls kerosene, from coal, bitumen or oil shale.
  • August 22 – The Second Federal Republic of Mexico is established.
  • August 28 – The New Zealand Constitution Act 1846 is passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom with the intention of granting self-government to the British colony. Governor George Grey suspends implementation of the majority of the Act, with the exception of the creation of New Ulster and New Munster Provinces, and it is superseded by the New Zealand Constitution Act 1852.[8]
  • September – The Second Carlist War (or the War of the Matiners or Madrugadores) begins in Spain.
  • September 3 – Electric Telegraph Company founded in Britain.
  • September 7 – The portion of the District of Columbia in the United States that was ceded by Virginia in 1790 is re-ceded to Virginia.
  • September 10 – Elias Howe is awarded the first United States patent for a sewing machine, using a lockstitch design.[9]
  • September 12 – Poets Elizabeth Barrett and Robert Browning marry privately in London, departing a week later for the continent.
  • September 14 – Jang Bahadur and his brothers massacre about 40 members of the Nepalese palace court.
  • September 19 – Our Lady of La Salette, a Marian apparition, is said to have been seen by two children at La Salette-Fallavaux in France.
  • September 23 – Discovery of Neptune: The planet is observed for the first time by German astronomers Johann Gottfried Galle and Heinrich Louis d'Arrest, as predicted by British astronomer John Couch Adams and French astronomer Urbain Le Verrier.

October–December
  • October 1
    • Christ College, Tasmania, opens with the hope that it will develop along the lines of an Oxbridge college, and provide the basis for university education in Tasmania. By the 21st century it will be the oldest tertiary institution in Australia.
    • Triton, Neptune's largest moon, was discovered by William Lassell 17 days after the discovery of Neptune.
  • October 16 – At Massachusetts General Hospital, Dr. William T.G. Morton, a dentist, gives the first successful public demonstration of ether anesthesia.[10]
  • November 4 – The Donner Party, a wagon train of 87 settlers traveling to California, is stranded in the Sierra Nevada mountains by the first of several snowstorms. By the time a relief party reaches the starving settlers three months later, only 48 survivors are left, many of whom have survived by cannibalism.[11]
  • November 9 – Pope Pius IX issues the encyclical Qui pluribus, in response to the growing trend of agnosticism among intellectuals in Europe.[12]
  • November 17 – Carl Zeiss, a major optoelectronics and digital camera brand on worldwide, founded in Thuringia, Germany.
  • December 22 – The Guildsystem in Sweden is abolished by the Fabriks och Handtwerksordning and Handelsordningen, and trade and handicrafts permits are granted to every male and female applicant of legal majority.[13]
  • December 24 – Great Britain acquires Labuan from the Sultanate of Brunei.
  • December 27 – Iowa is admitted as the 29th U.S. state.

Date unknown
  • 1846–1860 cholera pandemic breaks out in south Asia; in the United Kingdom, Parliament passes The Nuisances Removal and Diseases Prevention Act.
  • The Great Famine continues in Ireland. The first deaths from hunger take place early in the year[14] and Phytophthora infestans almost totally destroys the summer potato crop.
  • Fort Wayne Female College is founded in Indiana as a Methodist institution; it will later be renamed Taylor University.
  • The first higher school of academic learning for women in Denmark, Den højere Dannelsesanstalt for Damer, is founded in Copenhagen.

Births

January–June
Wilhelm Maybach
Rita Cetina Gutiérrez

July–December
Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil
George Westinghouse

Date unknown
  • Jeanne Schmahl, British-born French feminist (d. 1915)

Deaths

January–June
Emperor Ninkō
Pope Gregory XVI
  • February 21 – Emperor Ninkō of Japan (b. 1800)
  • February 27 – María Trinidad Sánchez, heroine of the Dominican War of Independence (b. 1794)
  • March 17 – Friedrich Bessel, German mathematician and astronomer (b. 1784)
  • May 11 – Jane Irwin Harrison, de facto First Lady of the United States (b. 1804)
  • May 12 – Sir Robert Otway, British admiral (b. 1770)
  • May 23 – Franciszek Ksawery Drucki-Lubecki, Polish politician (b. 1778)
  • June 1 – Pope Gregory XVI (b. 1765)
  • June 8 – Rodolphe Töpffer, Swiss author, painter, and caricature artist (b. 1799)
  • June 13 – Jean-Baptiste Benoît Eyriès, French geographer, author and translator (b. 1767)

July–December
  • August 5 – Dorothy Thomas, Caribbean entrepreneur and former slave (b. 1756)
  • August 16
  • September 14 – Jacques Dupré, Louisiana State Representative, State Senator, and Governor (b. 1773)
  • September 23 – John Ainsworth Horrocks, English-born explorer of South Australia (b. 1818)
  • September 26 – Thomas Clarkson, English abolitionist (b. 1760)[16]
  • October 2 – Benjamin Waterhouse, American physician, medical professor (b. 1754)
  • October 15 – Bagyidaw, Burmese king (b. 1784)
  • November 6
    • Alexander Chavchavadze, Georgian Romantic poet, military figure (b. 1786)
    • Karol Marcinkowski, Polish physician, social activist (b. 1800)
  • November 11 - José Escolástico Marín, Salvadoran politician
  • November 12 – William Findlay, American politician (b. 1768)
  • December 18 – Emilie Högquist, Swedish dramatic star (b. 1812)
  • December 29 – Mateli Magdalena Kuivalatar, Finnish-Carelian folksinger (b. 1777)

Date unknown
  • Maria Medina Coeli, Italian physician (b. 1764)

References
  1. "Venice Railroad Bridge". Structurae. Retrieved February 22, 2012.
  2. Kalla-Bishop, P. M. (1971). Italian Railways. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. p. 20. ISBN 0-7153-5168-0.
  3. Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 268–269. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
  4. Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
  5. "Chancellors and Presidents of the University". University of Buffalo, The State University of New York. Archived from the original on June 10, 2016. Retrieved December 6, 2016.
  6. "Icons, a portrait of England 1840–1860". Archived from the original on August 17, 2007. Retrieved September 13, 2007.
  7. Hart, Hugh (June 28, 2010). "June 28, 1846: Parisian Inventor Patents Saxophone". Wired. Retrieved December 7, 2011.
  8. Moon, Paul (2010). New Zealand Birth Certificates – 50 of New Zealand's Founding Documents. ISBN 9780958299718.
  9. U.S. Patent 4,750
  10. Lilian R. Furst, Medical Progress and Social Reality: A Reader in Nineteenth-Century Medicine and Literature (SUNY Press, 2000) p16
  11. George R. Stewart, Ordeal by Hunger: The Story of the Donner Party (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2013) pp366-367
  12. Gerald A. McCool, Nineteenth-century Scholasticism: The Search for a Unitary Method (Fordham University Press, 1989) p129
  13. Du Rietz, Anita, Kvinnors entreprenörskap: under 400 år, 1. uppl., Dialogos, Stockholm, 2013, s 270
  14. Keneally, Thomas (1999). The Great Shame. London: Vintage. p. 110.
  15. "The Nobel Prize in Literature 1905". NobelPrize.org. Retrieved December 23, 2021.
  16. "BBC - History - Thomas Clarkson". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved March 17, 2022.
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