Cefradine

Cefradine
Names
Trade namesIntracef, Velocef
IUPAC name
  • (6R,7R)-7-{[(2R)-2-Amino-2-(1-cyclohexa-1,4-dienyl)acetyl]amino}-3-methyl-8-oxo-5-thia-1-azabicyclo[4.2.0]oct-2-ene-2-carboxylic acid
Clinical data
WHO AWaReUnlinkedWikibase error: ⧼unlinkedwikibase-error-statements-entity-not-set⧽
Routes of
use		Oral, IM, IV
External links
AHFS/Drugs.comInternational Drug Names
MedlinePlusa601206
Legal
Legal status
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetics
BioavailabilityWell absorbed
Protein binding<10%
MetabolismNil
Elimination half-life0.9 hours
ExcretionKidney, unchanged
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC16H19N3O4S
Molar mass349.41 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point140 to 142 °C (284 to 288 °F) (dec.)
SMILES
  • O=C2N1/C(=C(\CS[C@@H]1[C@@H]2NC(=O)[C@@H](C/3=C/C\C=C/C\3)N)C)C(=O)O
InChI
  • InChI=1S/C16H19N3O4S/c1-8-7-24-15-11(14(21)19(15)12(8)16(22)23)18-13(20)10(17)9-5-3-2-4-6-9/h2-3,6,10-11,15H,4-5,7,17H2,1H3,(H,18,20)(H,22,23)/t10-,11-,15-/m1/s1 checkY
  • Key:RDLPVSKMFDYCOR-UEKVPHQBSA-N checkY

Cefradine, also spelled cephradine, is an antibiotic used to treat a wide range of infections.[1] It is generally used in older children and adults.[1] It is available in liquid and capsule form to be taken by mouth.[1] If kidney problems, the dose requires adjusting.[1]

Side effects include allergic reaction, restlessness, stomach upset, blood disorder, liver or kidney problems.[1][2] Used in pregnancy, it is not known to harm the baby.[1] It is a traditional cephalosporin and works by interfering with the bacteria's cell wall.[3] It does not treat MRSA.[3]

In the UK, a typical course of treatment costs the NHS less than £10, as of 2021.[1] it is not available in the United States.[3]

Medical use

Formulations

Cefradine is distributed in the form of capsules containing 250 mg or 500 mg, as a syrup containing 250 mg/5 ml, or in vials for injection containing 500 mg or 1 g.

It is not approved by the FDA for use in the United States.

Synthesis

Birch reduction of D-α-phenylglycine led to diene (2). This was N-protected using tert-butoxycarbonylazide and activated for amide formation via the mixed anhydride method using isobutylchloroformate to give 3. Mixed anhydride 3 reacted readily with 7-aminodesacetoxycephalosporanic acid to give, after deblocking, cephradine (5).

Cefradin synthesis:[4][5][6]

Production names

The antibiotic is produced under many brand names across the world.[7]

  • Bangladesh: Ancef, Ancef forte, Aphrin, Avlosef, Cefadin, Cephadin, Cephran, Cephran-DS, Cusef, Cusef DS, Dicef , Dicef forte, Dolocef, Efrad, Extracef, Extracef-DS, Intracef, Kefdrin, Lebac, Lebac Forte, Medicef, Mega-Cef, Megacin, Polycef, Procef, Procef, Procef forte, Rocef, Rocef Forte DS, Sefin, Sefin DS, Sefnin, Sefrad, Sefrad DS, Sefril, Sefril-DS, Sefro, Sefro-HS, Sephar, Sephar-DS, Septa, Sinaceph, SK-Cef, Sk-Cef DS, Supracef and Supracef-F, Torped, Ultrasef, Vecef, Vecef-DS, Velogen, Sinaceph, Velox
  • China: Cefradine, Cephradine, Kebili, Saifuding, Shen You, Taididing, Velosef, Xianyi, and Xindadelei
  • Colombia: Cefagram, Cefrakov, Cefranil , Cefrex, and Kliacef
  • Egypt: Cefadrin, Cefadrine, Cephradine, Cephraforte, Farcosef, Fortecef, Mepadrin, Ultracef, and Velosef
  • France: Dexef
  • Hong Kong: Cefradine and ChinaQualisef-250
  • Indonesia: Dynacef, Velodine, and Velodrom
  • Lebanon: Eskacef, Julphacef, and Velosef
  • Lithuania: Tafril
  • Myanmar: Sinaceph
  • Oman: Ceframed, Eskasef, Omadine, and Velocef
  • Pakistan: Abidine, Ada-Cef, Ag-cef, Aksosef, Amspor, Anasef, Antimic, Atcosef, Bactocef, Biocef, Biodine, Velora, Velosef
  • Peru: Abiocef, Cefradinal, Cefradur, Cefrid, Terbodina II, Velocef, Velomicin
  • The Philippines: Altozef, Racep, Senadex, Solphride, Yudinef, Zefadin, Zefradil, and Zolicef
  • Poland: Tafril
  • Portugal: Cefalmin, Cefradur
  • South Africa: Cefril A
  • South Korea: Cefradine and Tricef
  • Taiwan: Cefadin, Cefamid, Cefin, Cekodin, Cephradine, Ceponin, Lacef, Licef-A, Lisacef, Lofadine, Recef, S-60, Sefree, Sephros, Topcef, Tydine, Unifradine, and U-Save
  • UK: Cefradune (Kent)
  • Vietnam: Eurosefro and Incef

Cefradine is known as Cefradina in Portuguese and Spanish and is produced by the following companies under this name: AC Farma, Peru; Andromaco, Chile; Anglopharma, Colombia; AZ Pharma, Colombia; Biogalenic, Venezuela; Bussié, Colombia; Elter - Medicamentos Genéricos, Venezuela; Farmindustria, Peru; Genfar, Colombia, Honduras and Peru; La Sante, Peru; La Santé, Colombia; Labesfal, Portugal; Lafrancol, Colombia; LCG, Peru; Marfan, Peru; Memphis, Colombia; Mintlab, Chile; MK, Colombia; Ophalac, Colombia; Procaps, Colombia and Vitalis, Colombia and Peru.

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Penicillin is the usual drug of choice in the treatment and prevention of streptococcal infections, including the prophylaxis of rheumatic fever. Cefuroxime is generally effective in the eradication of streptococci from the nasopharynx

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "5. Infection". British National Formulary (BNF) (82 ed.). London: BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. September 2021 – March 2022. pp. 559–560. ISBN 978-0-85711-413-6.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date format (link)
  2. ↑ "A - Z Drug List from Drugs.com: Cephradine". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 18 May 2021. Retrieved 28 November 2021.
  3. 1 2 3 Beauduy, Camille E.; Winston, Lisa G. (2020). "43. Beta-lactam and other cell wall - & membrane - active antibiotics". In Katzung, Bertram G.; Trevor, Anthony J. (eds.). Basic and Clinical Pharmacology (15th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill. pp. 830–832. ISBN 978-1-260-45231-0. Archived from the original on 2021-10-10. Retrieved 2021-11-28.
  4. ↑ Dolfini JE, Applegate HE, Bach G, Basch H, Bernstein J, Schwartz J, Weisenborn FL (February 1971). "A new class of semisynthetic penicillins and cephalosporins derived from D-2-(1,4-cyclohexadienyl)glycine". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 14 (2): 117–9. doi:10.1021/jm00284a008. PMID 5544394.
  5. ↑ U.S. Patent 3,485,819
  6. ↑ DE 1931722 
  7. ↑ "Cefradine". Archived from the original on 25 April 2016. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
Identifiers:
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