Nelarabine

Nelarabine
Names
Trade namesArranon, Atriance
Other names506U78
Clinical data
Drug classAntimetabolite[1]
Main usesAcute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia and lymphoma[2]
Side effectsBone marrow suppression, sleepiness, headache, numbness, fever, swelling, vomiting[2]
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Pregnancy
category
  • US: N (Not classified yet)
    Routes of
    use    		Intravenous
    External links
    AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
    MedlinePlusa607077
    Legal
    License data
    Legal status
    Pharmacokinetics
    Protein binding<25%
    MetabolismBy adenosine deaminase, to 9-β-D-arabinofuranosylguanine
    Elimination half-life30 minutes (nelarabine)
    3 hours (ara-G)
    ExcretionKidney
    Chemical and physical data
    FormulaC11H15N5O5
    Molar mass297.271 g·mol−1
    3D model (JSmol)
    SMILES
    • n2c1c(nc(nc1OC)N)n(c2)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O)CO
    InChI
    • InChI=1S/C11H15N5O5/c1-20-9-5-8(14-11(12)15-9)16(3-13-5)10-7(19)6(18)4(2-17)21-10/h3-4,6-7,10,17-19H,2H2,1H3,(H2,12,14,15)/t4-,6-,7+,10-/m1/s1 checkY
    • Key:IXOXBSCIXZEQEQ-UHTZMRCNSA-N checkY

    Nelarabine, sold under the brand names Arranon and Atriance , is a medication used to treat T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL).[2] It is used when other treatments are not effective.[2] It is given by gradual injection into a vein.[2]

    Common side effects include bone marrow suppression, sleepiness, headache, numbness, fever, swelling, and vomiting.[2] Other side effects may include confusion, seizures, tumor lysis syndrome, and peripheral neuropathy.[2] Use in pregnancy may harm the baby.[2] It is an antimetabolite which replaces guanine and interferes with the making of new DNA.[1]

    Nelarabine was approved for medical use in the United States and Europe in 2005.[5][1] In the United Kingdom six vials of 250 mg cost the NHS about £1,300 as of 2021.[6] In the United States this amount costs about 4,600 USD.[7] A generic version was approved in 2021 in the USA.[8]

    Medical uses

    Dosage

    In adults it is used at a dose of 1500 mg/m2 on day 1, 3, and 5 out of 21 days.[5]

    References

    1. 1 2 3 "Atriance". Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
    2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "Nelarabine Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
    3. ↑ "Arranon- nelarabine injection". DailyMed. 11 June 2020. Archived from the original on 17 October 2020. Retrieved 4 December 2020.
    4. ↑ "Atriance EPAR". European Medicines Agency (EMA). Archived from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 4 December 2020.
    5. 1 2 "DailyMed - ARRANON- nelarabine injection". dailymed.nlm.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 17 October 2020. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
    6. ↑ BNF 81: March-September 2021. BMJ Group and the Pharmaceutical Press. 2021. p. 960. ISBN 978-0857114105.
    7. ↑ "Arranon Prices, Coupons & Patient Assistance Programs". Drugs.com. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
    8. ↑ Research, Center for Drug Evaluation and (10 February 2022). "2021 First Generic Drug Approvals". FDA. Archived from the original on 21 June 2022. Retrieved 22 October 2022.
    External sites:
    Identifiers:
    • "Nelarabine". NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms. National Cancer Institute. Archived from the original on 2020-04-12. Retrieved 2021-03-03.
    • "Nelarabine". National Cancer Institute.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
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