Pipotiazine

Pipotiazine (Piportil), also known as pipothiazine, is a typical antipsychotic of the phenothiazine class[2] used in the United Kingdom and other countries for the treatment of schizophrenia.[3] Its properties are similar to those of chlorpromazine. A 2004 systematic review investigated its efficacy for people with schizophrenia:

Pipotiazine palmitate compared to oral antipsychotics for schizophrenia[4]
Summary
Although well-conducted and reported randomized trials are still needed to fully inform practice (no trial data exists reporting hospital and services outcomes, quality of life, satisfaction with care and economics) pipotiazine palmitate is a viable choice for both clinician and person with schizophrenia.[4]
Pharmacokinetics of long-acting injectable antipsychotics
MedicationBrand nameClassVehicleDosageTmaxt1/2 singlet1/2 multiplelogPcRef
Aripiprazole lauroxilAristadaAtypicalWatera441–1064 mg/4–8 weeks24–35 days ?54–57 days7.9–10.0
Aripiprazole monohydrateAbilify MaintenaAtypicalWatera300–400 mg/4 weeks7 days ?30–47 days4.9–5.2
Bromperidol decanoateImpromen DecanoasTypicalSesame oil40–300 mg/4 weeks3–9 days ?21–25 days7.9[5]
Clopentixol decanoateSordinol DepotTypicalViscoleob50–600 mg/1–4 weeks4–7 days ?19 days9.0[6]
Flupentixol decanoateDepixolTypicalViscoleob10–200 mg/2–4 weeks4–10 days8 days17 days7.2–9.2[6][7]
Fluphenazine decanoateProlixin DecanoateTypicalSesame oil12.5–100 mg/2–5 weeks1–2 days1–10 days14–100 days7.2–9.0[8][9][10]
Fluphenazine enanthateProlixin EnanthateTypicalSesame oil12.5–100 mg/1–4 weeks2–3 days4 days ?6.4–7.4[9]
FluspirileneImap, RedeptinTypicalWatera2–12 mg/1 week1–8 days7 days ?5.2–5.8[11]
Haloperidol decanoateHaldol DecanoateTypicalSesame oil20–400 mg/2–4 weeks3–9 days18–21 days7.2–7.9[12][13]
Olanzapine pamoateZyprexa RelprevvAtypicalWatera150–405 mg/2–4 weeks7 days ?30 days–
Oxyprothepin decanoateMeclopinTypical ? ? ? ? ?8.5–8.7
Paliperidone palmitateInvega SustennaAtypicalWatera39–819 mg/4–12 weeks13–33 days25–139 days ?8.1–10.1
Perphenazine decanoateTrilafon DekanoatTypicalSesame oil50–200 mg/2–4 weeks ? ?27 days8.9
Perphenazine enanthateTrilafon EnanthateTypicalSesame oil25–200 mg/2 weeks2–3 days ?4–7 days6.4–7.2[14]
Pipotiazine palmitatePiportil LongumTypicalViscoleob25–400 mg/4 weeks9–10 days ?14–21 days8.5–11.6[7]
Pipotiazine undecylenatePiportil MediumTypicalSesame oil100–200 mg/2 weeks ? ? ?8.4
RisperidoneRisperdal ConstaAtypicalMicrospheres12.5–75 mg/2 weeks21 days ?3–6 days–
Zuclopentixol acetateClopixol AcuphaseTypicalViscoleob50–200 mg/1–3 days1–2 days1–2 days4.7–4.9
Zuclopentixol decanoateClopixol DepotTypicalViscoleob50–800 mg/2–4 weeks4–9 days ?11–21 days7.5–9.0
Note: All by intramuscular injection. Footnotes: a = Microcrystalline or nanocrystalline aqueous suspension. b = Low-viscosity vegetable oil (specifically fractionated coconut oil with medium-chain triglycerides). c = Predicted, from PubChem and DrugBank. Sources: Main: See template.
Pipotiazine
Clinical data
Trade namesPiportil
AHFS/Drugs.comInternational Drug Names
Routes of
administration		Oral, IM
ATC code
Legal status
Legal status
  • BR: Class C1 (Other controlled substances)[1]
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Identifiers
  • 10-[3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperidyl]propyl]-N,N-dimethyl-phenothiazine-2-sulfonamide
CAS Number
PubChem CID
IUPHAR/BPS
DrugBank
ChemSpider
UNII
KEGG
ChEMBL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
ECHA InfoCard100.049.672
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC24H33N3O3S2
Molar mass475.67 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • CN(C)S(=O)(=O)C1=CC2=C(C=C1)SC3=CC=CC=C3N2CCCN4CCC(CC4)CCO

Synthesis
Patents:[15][16] Sino:[17]

The alkylation of 2-Dimethylaminosulfonylphenthiazine [1090-78-4] (1) with 1-Bromo-3-chloropropane (2) gives 10-(3-chloropropyl)-N,N-dimethylphenothiazine-2-sulfonamide [40051-12-5] (3). Alkylation with 4-Piperidineethanol [622-26-4] (4) completes the synthesis of Pipothiazine (5).

References
  1. Anvisa (2023-03-31). "RDC Nº 784 - Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial" [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 784 - Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] (in Brazilian Portuguese). Diário Oficial da União (published 2023-04-04). Archived from the original on 2023-08-03. Retrieved 2023-08-16.
  2. Bechelli LP, Ruffino-Netto A, Hetem G (December 1983). "A double-blind controlled trial of pipotiazine, haloperidol and placebo in recently-hospitalized acute schizophrenic patients". Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research. 16 (4): 305–11. PMID 6143579.
  3. International Drug Names
  4. Dinesh M, David A, Quraishi SN (October 2004). "Depot pipotiazine palmitate and undecylenate for schizophrenia". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 3 (4): CD001720. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001720.pub2. PMC 7025786. PMID 15495016.
  5. Parent M, Toussaint C, Gilson H (1983). "Long-term treatment of chronic psychotics with bromperidol decanoate: clinical and pharmacokinetic evaluation". Current Therapeutic Research. 34 (1): 1–6.
  6. Jørgensen A, Overø KF (1980). "Clopenthixol and flupenthixol depot preparations in outpatient schizophrenics. III. Serum levels". Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. Supplementum. 279: 41–54. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1980.tb07082.x. PMID 6931472.
  7. Reynolds JE (1993). "Anxiolytic sedatives, hypnotics and neuroleptics.". Martindale: The Extra Pharmacopoeia (30th ed.). London: Pharmaceutical Press. pp. 364–623.
  8. Ereshefsky L, Saklad SR, Jann MW, Davis CM, Richards A, Seidel DR (May 1984). "Future of depot neuroleptic therapy: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic approaches". The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 45 (5 Pt 2): 50–9. PMID 6143748.
  9. Curry SH, Whelpton R, de Schepper PJ, Vranckx S, Schiff AA (April 1979). "Kinetics of fluphenazine after fluphenazine dihydrochloride, enanthate and decanoate administration to man". British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 7 (4): 325–31. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2125.1979.tb00941.x. PMC 1429660. PMID 444352.
  10. Young D, Ereshefsky L, Saklad SR, Jann MW, Garcia N (1984). Explaining the pharmacokinetics of fluphenazine through computer simulations. (Abstract.). 19th Annual Midyear Clinical Meeting of the American Society of Hospital Pharmacists. Dallas, Texas.
  11. Janssen PA, Niemegeers CJ, Schellekens KH, Lenaerts FM, Verbruggen FJ, van Nueten JM, et al. (November 1970). "The pharmacology of fluspirilene (R 6218), a potent, long-acting and injectable neuroleptic drug". Arzneimittel-Forschung. 20 (11): 1689–98. PMID 4992598.
  12. Beresford R, Ward A (January 1987). "Haloperidol decanoate. A preliminary review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties and therapeutic use in psychosis". Drugs. 33 (1): 31–49. doi:10.2165/00003495-198733010-00002. PMID 3545764.
  13. Reyntigens AJ, Heykants JJ, Woestenborghs RJ, Gelders YG, Aerts TJ (1982). "Pharmacokinetics of haloperidol decanoate. A 2-year follow-up". International Pharmacopsychiatry. 17 (4): 238–46. doi:10.1159/000468580. PMID 7185768.
  14. Larsson M, Axelsson R, Forsman A (1984). "On the pharmacokinetics of perphenazine: a clinical study of perphenazine enanthate and decanoate". Current Therapeutic Research. 36 (6): 1071–88.
  15. , FR 7835M (1970).
  16. ZA6801990 idem Jean-Claude Rene Georg Blondel, 2 More », U.S. Patent 3,875,156 (1975 to Rhone Poulenc Sa).
  17. Schussen, & Li Haixia, et al. CN 106568857 (2019 to YUEYANG XINHUADA PHARMACEUTICAL CO Ltd).


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