See also:
U+9084, 還
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9084

[U+9083]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9085]

Translingual

Han character

(radical 162, +13, 17 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 16 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 卜田中女 (YWLV), four-corner 36303, composition)

References

  • KangXi: page 1266, character 23
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 39174
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1764, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 3888, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+9084

Chinese

trad.
simp. *

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*kʷraːn
*kʷraːn, *ɡʷraːns
*ɡʷraːn, *sɢʷan
*ɡʷraːn
*ɡʷraːn
*ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷeːns
*ɡʷraːn
*ɡʷraːn
*ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷen
*ɡʷraːn
*ɡʷraːn, *ɡʷraːns
*ɡʷraːn
*ɡʷraːns, *ɡʷeːnʔ
*sɢʷan, *sɢʷin
*qʰʷen
*qʰʷen
*qʰʷen, *qʰʷenʔ
*qʰʷen, *qʷen, *ɡʷeŋ
*qʰʷen
*kʷeːns
*kʷeːns
*qʷeːns
*ɡʷreːŋ, *ɡʷreːŋ
*ɡʷeŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡʷraːn, *sɢʷan) : semantic  (walk) + phonetic  (OC *ɡʷeŋ) – to go back; to return.

Etymology

“to return”
From Austroasiatic; compare Khmer រង្វាន់ (rŭəngvŏən, reward; award; bonus) (Schuessler, 2007). Probably related to (OC *ɡʷraːn, “ring; to encircle”) (ibid.).

Pronunciation 1


Note:
  • uan4 - “to return (an object)”;
  • fan4 - used in compounds, e.g. 還原还原.
Note:
  • hèng - vernacular;
  • huàng - literary.
Note:
  • hêng/hâiⁿ/hân/hn̂g - vernacular;
  • hoân - literary.
    • (Teochew)
      • Peng'im: hoin5 / hain5 / huang5 / huêng5
      • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hôiⁿ / hâiⁿ / huâng / huêng
      • IPA (key): /hõĩ⁵⁵/, /hãĩ⁵⁵/, /huaŋ⁵⁵/, /hueŋ⁵⁵/
Note:
  • hoin5/hain5 - vernacular;
  • huang5/huêng5 - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /xuan³⁵/
Harbin /xuan²⁴/
Tianjin /xuan⁴⁵/ ~原
Jinan /xuã⁴²/
Qingdao /xuã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /xuan⁴²/
Xi'an /xuã²⁴/
Xining /xuã²⁴/
Yinchuan /xuan⁵³/ 归~
Lanzhou /xuɛ̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /xuan⁵¹/
Wuhan /xuan²¹³/
Chengdu /xuan³¹/
Guiyang /xuan²¹/ 歸~
Kunming /xuã̠³¹/
Nanjing /xuaŋ²⁴/
Hefei /xuæ̃⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /xuæ̃¹¹/
Pingyao /xuɑŋ¹³/
Hohhot /xuæ̃³¹/ ~東西
Wu Shanghai /ɦue²³/
Suzhou /ɦue̞¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦuõ²¹³/
Wenzhou /va³¹/
Hui Shexian /xuɛ⁴⁴/ 歸~
Tunxi /uɛ⁴⁴/ 歸~
Xiang Changsha /fan¹³/ ~價
Xiangtan /ɸan¹²/
Gan Nanchang /uan⁴⁵/ 有借有~
/fan⁴⁵/ ~原
Hakka Meixian /fan¹¹/ ~原
Taoyuan /hɑn¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /wan²¹/
Nanning /wan²¹/
Hong Kong /wan²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /huan³⁵/
/hãi³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /huaŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /xiŋ³³/
/uiŋ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /huaŋ⁵⁵/
/hõi⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /huaŋ³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (33)
Final () (70)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () II
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦˠuan/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦʷᵚan/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣuɐn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦwaɨn/
Li
Rong
/ɣuan/
Wang
Li
/ɣwan/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɣwan/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
huán
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
huán
Middle
Chinese
‹ hwæn ›
Old
Chinese
/*[ɢ]ʷˁ<r>en/
English turn around; return

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 16230
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡʷraːn/

Definitions

  1. to return to a place; to go back to a place
    /    huánjiā   to return home
    /    huánxiāng   to return to one's hometown
    /    huányuán   to return to the original state, [chemistry] to reduce
    /    huán   to resume secular life
  2. to return an object; to give back
    /    chánghuán   to reimburse
    /    huánshū   to return the books (to the library)
    /    qiàn qián bù huán   to owe money (without the intention of paying back)
    手機 [MSC, trad.]
    手机 [MSC, simp.]
    Bǎ wǒ de shǒujī huán gěi wǒ. [Pinyin]
    Give my mobile back to me.
  3. to do or give something in return
    /    huánzuǐ   to retort
    /    huánshǒu   to hit back
    /    huán   to present a gift in return
    /    huán   to fight back
    /    huánjià   to make a counter-offer buying price
    以眼以牙 [MSC, trad.]
    以眼以牙 [MSC, simp.]
    yǐ yǎn huán yǎn, yǐ yá huán [Pinyin]
    [literally] an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth; tit for tat
  4. A surname.

Compounds

Pronunciation 2


Note:
  • huan1/huan5/han5 - vernacular;
  • huang5/huêng5 - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /xai³⁵/
Harbin /xai⁵³/
/xai²⁴/
Tianjin /xai⁴⁵/ ~有
Jinan
Qingdao
Zhengzhou
Xi'an
Xining
Yinchuan
Lanzhou /xɛ̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi
Wuhan
Chengdu
Guiyang /xai²¹/ ~是
Kunming
Nanjing /xae²⁴/
Hefei
Jin Taiyuan
Pingyao
Hohhot /xæ̃³¹/ ~不走
Wu Shanghai /ɦe²³/
Suzhou
Hangzhou
Wenzhou
Hui Shexian /uɛ⁴⁴/ ~有
Tunxi /uːə⁴⁴/ ~要
Xiang Changsha /xai¹³/ 副詞
Xiangtan
Gan Nanchang
Hakka Meixian /han¹¹/ ~有
Taoyuan
Cantonese Guangzhou
Nanning
Hong Kong
Min Xiamen (Min Nan)
Fuzhou (Min Dong)
Jian'ou (Min Bei)
Shantou (Min Nan)
Haikou (Min Nan)

Definitions

  1. still; yet; indicates that the phenomenon or observation still exists or the action is still ongoing
    /    hái méi lái.   He hasn't come yet.
    怎麼 / 怎么   Nǐ zěnme hái méi dào?   Why are you still not here?
    工作 [MSC, trad.]
    工作 [MSC, simp.]
    Shí diǎn le, tā hái zài gōngzuò. [Pinyin]
    It's ten o'clock already and he is still working.
    那麼漂亮 [MSC, trad.]
    那么漂亮 [MSC, simp.]
    Jǐ nián bù jiàn, tā hái shì nàme piàoliàng. [Pinyin]
    She is still very beautiful after all these years.
  2. even more; indicates an increase from a certain level or a supplement
    今年去年 / 今年去年   Jīnnián bǐ qùnián hái lěng.   This year is even colder than last year.
    考試上課 / 考试上课   Kǎoshì wán hái yào shàngkè.   (I) still have classes after the exams.
    工作 [MSC, trad.]
    工作 [MSC, simp.]
    Tā péi le yī dà bǐ qián, hái diū le gōngzuò. [Pinyin]
    He lost a lot of money and even his job.
  3. (before adjectives, mostly positive) passably; (surprisingly) quite
    成績可以 / 成绩可以   Wǒ de chéngjì hái kěyǐ.   I have a passable grade.
    屋子收拾乾淨 [MSC, trad.]
    屋子收拾干净 [MSC, simp.]
    Wūzi bù dà, shōushi dé dǎo hái qiánjìng. [Pinyin]
    It's quite clean for such a small room.
    孩子懂事 [MSC, trad.]
    孩子懂事 [MSC, simp.]
    Háizi bù dà, hái tǐng dǒngshì de. [Pinyin]
    The small kid is surprisingly quite sensible.
    蛋糕好吃 [MSC, trad.]
    蛋糕好吃 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhè dàngāo hái tǐng hǎochī de. [Pinyin]
    That was a pretty tasty cake.
  4. (often in rhetorical questions) indicates condition and contrast, interchangeable with 都; even
    何況 [MSC, trad.]
    何况 [MSC, simp.]
    hái bān bù dòng, hékuàng wǒ ne? [Pinyin]
    Even you can't move it, let alone me.
  5. indicates unexpectedness; really
    辦法 / 办法   hái zhēn yǒu bànfǎ.   Surprisingly he has a way to do this.
  6. indicates past events; emphasising earliness
    以前我們研究這個方案 [MSC, trad.]
    以前我们研究这个方案 [MSC, simp.]
    Hái zài jǐ nián yǐqián, wǒmen jiù yánjiū guò zhège fāng'àn. [Pinyin]
    The proposal has been studied by us a couple of years ago (and now you made the suggestion to study it).

Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of (“still; yet”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese ,
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) , ,
Mandarin Beijing
Taiwan
Jinan
Wanrong
Xi'an
Lanzhou
Wuhan
Chengdu
Guilin
Liuzhou
Yangzhou
Nanjing
Hefei
Nantong
Malaysia
Singapore
Cantonese Guangzhou
Hong Kong
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)
Hong Kong (Ting Kok)
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)
Macau
Panyu
Huadu (Huashan)
Conghua
Zengcheng
Foshan
Nanhai (Shatou)
Shunde
Sanshui
Gaoming (Mingcheng)
Zhongshan (Shiqi)
Zhuhai (Qianshan)
Doumen (Shangheng Tanka)
Doumen
Jiangmen (Baisha)
Xinhui
Taishan
Kaiping (Chikan)
Enping (Niujiang)
Heshan (Yayao)
Dongguan
Bao'an (Shajing)
Dapeng ,
Shaoguan
Yunfu
Yangjiang
Xinyi
Nanning
Wuzhou
Yulin
Hepu
Gan Nanchang
Pingxiang
Hakka Meixian
Luchuan
Miaoli (N. Sixian)
Liudui (S. Sixian)
Hsinchu (Hailu)
Dongshi (Dabu)
Hsinchu (Raoping)
Yunlin (Zhao'an)
Hong Kong
Huizhou Jixi
Jin Taiyuan
Min Bei Jian'ou ,
Min Dong Fuzhou
Matsu
Min Nan Xiamen , 猶閣
Quanzhou , 猶閣
Zhangzhou , 猶閣
Taipei , 猶閣
Kaohsiung , 猶閣
Penang
Chaozhou
Pinghua Nanning
Guilin
Wu Shanghai
Suzhou
Wenzhou
Danyang
Jinhua
Xiang Changsha
Shuangfeng
Loudi
Quanzhou

Compounds

Pronunciation 3



Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (17)
Final () (78)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division () III
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ziuᴇn/
Pan
Wuyun
/zʷiɛn/
Shao
Rongfen
/zjuæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/zwian/
Li
Rong
/ziuɛn/
Wang
Li
/zĭwɛn/
Bernard
Karlgren
/zi̯wɛn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xuán
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xuán
Middle
Chinese
‹ zjwen ›
Old
Chinese
/*s-ɢʷen/
English turn around, return; agile

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 16244
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*sɢʷan/

Definitions

  1. Alternative form of (xuán, “to rotate; to turn around”).
  2. nimble; agile
  3. immediately

Japanese

Kanji

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings


Korean

Hanja

(hwan, seon) (hangeul , )

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(hoàn)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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