予

予 (radical 6, 亅+3, 4 strokes, cangjie input 弓戈弓弓 (NINN), four-corner 1720₂, composition ⿱龴𠄐)

• 序 豫 野 預 幻

• KangXi: page 85, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 231
• Dae Jaweon: page 174, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 52, character 2
• Unihan data for U+4E88

Historical forms of the character 予
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Oracle bone script j10319 Small seal script s02873 Transcribed ancient scripts L34283 L34284 L14210 L14211 L14212 L14213 L14214 L14215 L14216 L14217 L14218 L14219 L14220
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Two hands, each handing an object to another.

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-la.

Zhao (1990) argued Min Nan 予 (hō͘, “to give; to allow; by”) is a Kra-Dai substrate, associating it with Zhuang hawj (“to give; to allow”) and Bouyei haec (“to give; to allow”). Note both were descended Proto-Tai *haɰᶜ (“to give”) which originated from either Middle Chinese 許 (MC hɨʌ^X, “to allow”) or Old Chinese 與 (OC *laʔ, “to give”) (Zheng (2008)).

Zheng (2008) considered the h- initial of both Min Nan 予 (hō͘, “to give; to allow; by”) and Zhuang hawj to be descended from the Chu dialect (楚方言) of Old Chinese 與 (OC *laʔ, “to give”), and noted instances where words beginning with the 以 initial in Middle Chinese are pronounced with a h- initial in modern Min. The rimes of Min Nan 予 (hō͘) and Zhuang hawj, on the other hand, descended from the rimes of 與 during Qin/Han and in an authoritative southern dialect in the Southern dynasties respectively.

Taiwan's Ministry of Education agrees that the original character representing Min Nan 予 (hō͘, “to give; to allow; by”) is indeed 予 (與 (“to give”) and 予 (“to give”) are from the same root), but considers the Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwan pronunciation hō͘ to be the result of sound change from Quanzhou pronunciation thō͘ (Source).

予

1. (= 與) to give
2. to praise; to esteem

予

(Hokkien)

1. to give

   伊予我五箍。 [Min Nan]  ―  I hō͘ góa gō͘ kho͘. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  He gave me five dollars.

2. to allow

   予伊去！ [Min Nan]  ―  Hō͘ i khì! [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  Let it go!

3. by (used in constructing the passive)

   伊予人拍。 [Min Nan]  ―  I hō͘ lâng phah. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  He was beaten up (by someone).

予

1. ^† Alternative form of 余 (yú, “I, me”).

   予畏上帝，不敢不正。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]

   From: The Book of Documents, circa 4^th – 3^rd century BCE

   Yǔ wèi shàngdì, bù gǎn bù zhèng. [Pinyin]

   As I fear the Heaven, I dare not but punish him.

2. A surname​.

• “Entry #573”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Chinese and Min Nan), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2011.

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 豫)

1. beforehand, in advance

• Go-on: よ (yo, Jōyō); しょ (sho)^{←しよ (syo, historical)}; じょ (jo)^{←ぢよ (dyo, historical)}
• Kan-on: よ (yo, Jōyō); しょ (sho)^{←しよ (syo, historical)}; ちょ (cho)^{←ちよ (tyo, historical)}
• Kun: あらかじめ (arakajime, 予め); あたえる (ataeru, 予える)^{←あたへる (ataferu, historical)}; かねて (kanete, 予て)

• 予 (よ)報 (ほう) (yohō)
• 予 (よ)約 (やく) (yoyaku, “reservation, appointment”)
• 予 (よ)定 (てい) (yotei, “schedule”)
• 予 (よ)感 (かん) (yokan)

• 余

• IPA^(key): [jo]

予 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 豫, hiragana よ, rōmaji yo)

1. first-person personal pronoun; I, me
   • 1802-1814: Tōkaidōchū Hizakurige (volume 1)

     予此街道に毫をはせて膝栗毛の書を著す。

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

• Asō, Isoji (1958) Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 62: Tōkaidōchū Hizakurige (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, →ISBN

予 • (yeo) (hangeul 여, revised yeo, McCune–Reischauer yŏ)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

予 (nhừ, dư)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

• Nom Foundation