August 2

August 2 is the 214th day of the year (215th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar; 151 days remain until the end of the year.

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2022
August 2 in recent years
  2022 (Tuesday)
  2021 (Monday)
  2020 (Sunday)
  2019 (Friday)
  2018 (Thursday)
  2017 (Wednesday)
  2016 (Tuesday)
  2015 (Sunday)
  2014 (Saturday)
  2013 (Friday)

Events

Pre-1600
  • 338 BC – A Macedonian army led by Philip II defeated the combined forces of Athens and Thebes in the Battle of Chaeronea, securing Macedonian hegemony in Greece and the Aegean.[1]
  • 216 BC – The Carthaginian army led by Hannibal defeats a numerically superior Roman army at the Battle of Cannae.
  • 49 BC – Caesar, who marched to Spain earlier in the year leaving Marcus Antonius in charge of Italy, defeats Pompey's general Afranius and Petreius in Ilerda (Lerida) north of the Ebro river.[2]
  • 461 – Majorian is arrested near Tortona (northern Italy) and deposed by the Suebian general Ricimer as puppet emperor.
  • 932 – After a two-year siege, the city of Toledo, in Spain, surrenders to the forces of the Caliph of Córdoba Abd al-Rahman III, assuming an important victory in his campaign to subjugate the Central March.[3]
  • 1274 – Edward I of England returns from the Ninth Crusade and is crowned King seventeen days later.
  • 1343 – After the execution of her husband, Jeanne de Clisson sells her estates and raises a force of men with which to attack French shipping and ports.
  • 1377 – Russian troops are defeated by forces of the Blue Horde Khan Arapsha in the Battle on Pyana River.
  • 1415 – Thomas Grey is executed for participating in the Southampton Plot.

1601–1900

1901–present

Births

Pre-1600
  • 1260 – Kyawswa of Pagan, last ruler of the Pagan Kingdom (d. 1299)
  • 1455 – John Cicero, Elector of Brandenburg (d. 1499)
  • 1533 – Theodor Zwinger, Swiss physician and scholar (d. 1588)
  • 1549 – Mikołaj Krzysztof "the Orphan" Radziwiłł, Polish nobleman (d. 1616)

1601–1900
  • 1612 – Saskia van Uylenburgh, Dutch model and wife of Rembrandt van Rijn (d. 1642)
  • 1627 – Samuel Dirksz van Hoogstraten, Dutch painter (d. 1678)
  • 1630 – Estephan El Douaihy, Maronite patriarch (d. 1704)
  • 1646 – Jean-Baptiste du Casse, French admiral and buccaneer (d. 1715)
  • 1672 – Johann Jakob Scheuchzer, Swiss paleontologist and scholar (d. 1733)
  • 1674 – Philippe II, Duke of Orléans (d. 1723)
  • 1696 – Mahmud I, Ottoman sultan (d. 1754)
  • 1702 – Dietrich of Anhalt-Dessau (d. 1769)
  • 1703 – Lorenzo Ricci, Italian religious leader, 18th Superior General of the Society of Jesus (d. 1775)
  • 1740 – Jean Baptiste Camille Canclaux, French general (d. 1817)
  • 1754 – Pierre Charles L'Enfant, French-American architect and engineer, designed Washington, D.C. (d. 1825)
  • 1788 – Leopold Gmelin, German chemist and academic (d. 1853)
  • 1815 – Adolf Friedrich von Schack, German poet and historian (d. 1894)
  • 1820 – John Tyndall, Irish-English physicist and mountaineer (d. 1893)
  • 1828 – Manuel Pavía y Rodríguez de Alburquerque, Spanish general (d. 1895)
  • 1834 – Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi, French sculptor, designed the Statue of Liberty (d. 1904)
  • 1835 – Elisha Gray, American businessman, co-founded Western Electric (d. 1901)
  • 1861 – Prafulla Chandra Ray, Indian chemist and academic (d. 1944)
  • 1865 – Irving Babbitt, American academic and critic (d. 1933)
  • 1865 – John Radecki, Australian stained glass artist (d. 1955)
  • 1867 – Ernest Dowson, English poet, novelist, and short story writer (d. 1900)
  • 1868 – Constantine I of Greece (d. 1923)
  • 1870 – Marianne Weber, German sociologist and suffragist (d. 1954)[6]
  • 1871 – John French Sloan, American painter and illustrator (d. 1951)
  • 1872 – George E. Stewart, Australian-American colonel, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 1946)
  • 1876 – Pingali Venkayya, Indian geologist, designed the Flag of India (d. 1963)
  • 1877 – Ravishankar Shukla, Indian lawyer and politician, 1st Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh (d. 1956)
  • 1878 – Aino Kallas, Finnish-Estonian author (d. 1956)
  • 1880 – Arthur Dove, American painter and educator (d. 1946)
  • 1882 – Red Ames, American baseball player and manager (d. 1936)
  • 1882 – Albert Bloch, American painter and academic (d. 1961)
  • 1884 – Rómulo Gallegos, Venezuelan author and politician, 46th President of Venezuela (d. 1969)
  • 1886 – John Alexander Douglas McCurdy, Canadian pilot and politician, 20th Lieutenant Governor of Nova Scotia (d. 1961)
  • 1887 – Oskar Anderson, Bulgarian-German mathematician and statistician (d. 1960)
  • 1889 – Margaret Lawrence, American stage actress (d. 1929)
  • 1891 – Arthur Bliss, English composer and conductor (d. 1975)
  • 1891 – Viktor Zhirmunsky, Russian linguist and historian (d. 1971)
  • 1892 – Jack L. Warner, Canadian-born American production manager and producer, co-founded Warner Bros. (d. 1978)
  • 1894 – Bertha Lutz, Brazilian feminist and scientist (d.1976)
  • 1895 – Matt Henderson, New Zealand cricketer (d. 1970)
  • 1897 – Karl-Otto Koch, German SS officer (d. 1945)
  • 1897 – Max Weber, Swiss lawyer and politician (d. 1974)
  • 1898 – Ernő Nagy, Hungarian fencer (d. 1977)
  • 1899 – Charles Bennett, English director and screenwriter (d. 1995)
  • 1900 – Holling C. Holling, American author and illustrator (d. 1973)
  • 1900 – Helen Morgan, American actress and singer (d. 1941)

1901–present
  • 1902 – Pope Cyril VI of Alexandria (d. 1971)
  • 1902 – Mina Rees, American mathematician (d.1997)[7]
  • 1905 – Karl Amadeus Hartmann, German composer (d. 1963)
  • 1905 – Myrna Loy, American actress (d. 1993)
  • 1907 – Mary Hamman, American journalist and author (d. 1984)
  • 1910 – Roger MacDougall, Scottish director, playwright, and screenwriter (d. 1993)
  • 1911 – Ann Dvorak, American actress (d. 1979)
  • 1912 – Palle Huld, Danish actor (d. 2010)
  • 1912 – Håkon Stenstadvold, Norwegian painter, illustrator, and critic (d. 1977)
  • 1912 – Vladimir Žerjavić, Croatian economist and author (d. 2001)
  • 1913 – Xavier Thaninayagam, Sri Lankan scholar and academic (d. 1980)
  • 1914 – Félix Leclerc, Canadian singer-songwriter, actor, and poet (d. 1988)
  • 1914 – Big Walter Price, American singer-songwriter and pianist (d. 2012)
  • 1914 – Beatrice Straight, American actress (d. 2001)
  • 1915 – Gary Merrill, American actor (d. 1990)
  • 1916 – Alfonso A. Ossorio, Filipino-American painter and sculptor (d. 1990)
  • 1917 – Wah Chang, Chinese-American artist and designer (d. 2003)[8]
  • 1919 – Nehemiah Persoff, Israeli-American actor (d. 2022)[9]
  • 1920 – Louis Pauwels, French journalist and author (d. 1997)
  • 1920 – Augustus Rowe, Canadian physician and politician (d. 2013)
  • 1921 – Alan Whicker, Egyptian-English journalist (d. 2013)
  • 1922 – Betsy Bloomingdale, American philanthropist and socialite (d. 2016)
  • 1922 – Geoffrey Dutton, Australian historian and author (d. 1998)
  • 1923 – Shimon Peres, Polish-Israeli lawyer and politician, 9th President of Israel (d. 2016)[10]
  • 1923 – Ike Williams, American boxer (d. 1994)
  • 1924 – James Baldwin, American novelist, poet, and critic (d. 1987)
  • 1924 – Joe Harnell, American pianist and composer (d. 2005)
  • 1924 – Carroll O'Connor, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2001)
  • 1925 – K. Arulanandan, Ceylon-American engineer and academic (d. 2004)
  • 1925 – John Dexter, English director and producer (d. 1990)
  • 1925 – John McCormack, Canadian ice hockey player (d. 2017)
  • 1925 – Jorge Rafael Videla, Argentinian general and politician, 43rd President of Argentina (d. 2013)
  • 1927 – Peter Swinnerton-Dyer, English mathematician and academic (d. 2018)
  • 1928 – Malcolm Hilton, English cricketer (d. 1990)
  • 1929 – Roy Crimmins, English trombonist and composer (d. 2014)
  • 1929 – John Gale, English director and producer
  • 1929 – Vidya Charan Shukla, Indian politician, Indian Minister of External Affairs (d. 2013)
  • 1929 – David Waddington, Baron Waddington, English lawyer and politician, Governor of Bermuda (d. 2017)
  • 1930 – Vali Myers, Australian painter and dancer (d. 2003)
  • 1931 – Pierre DuMaine, American bishop and academic (d. 2019)
  • 1931 – Eddie Fuller, South African cricketer (d. 2008)
  • 1931 – Karl Miller, English journalist and critic (d. 2014)
  • 1931 – Viliam Schrojf, Czech footballer (d. 2007)
  • 1932 – Lamar Hunt, American businessman, co-founded the American Football League and World Championship Tennis (d. 2006)
  • 1932 – Peter O'Toole, British-Irish actor and producer (d. 2013)
  • 1933 – Ioannis Varvitsiotis, Greek politician, Greek Minister of Defence
  • 1934 – Valery Bykovsky, Russian general and astronaut (d. 2019)
  • 1935 – Hank Cochran, American singer-songwriter and guitarist (d. 2010)
  • 1936 – Anthony Payne, English composer and author (d. 2021)[11]
  • 1937 – Ron Brierley, New Zealand businessman
  • 1937 – Billy Cannon, American football player and dentist (d. 2018)
  • 1937 – María Duval, Mexican actress and singer[12]
  • 1937 – Garth Hudson, Canadian keyboard player, songwriter, and producer
  • 1938 – Dave Balon, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (d. 2007)
  • 1938 – Pierre de Bané, Israeli-Canadian lawyer and politician (d. 2019)[13]
  • 1938 – Terry Peck, Falkland Islander soldier (d. 2006)
  • 1939 – Benjamin Barber, American theorist, author, and academic (d. 2017)
  • 1939 – Wes Craven, American director, producer, and screenwriter (d. 2015)
  • 1939 – John W. Snow, American businessman and politician, 73rd United States Secretary of the Treasury
  • 1940 – Angel Lagdameo, Filipino archbishop (d. 2022)
  • 1940 – Beko Ransome-Kuti, Nigerian physician and activist (d. 2006)
  • 1940 – Will Tura, Belgian singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1941 – Doris Coley, American singer (d. 2000)
  • 1941 – Jules A. Hoffmann, Luxembourgian-French biologist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate
  • 1941 – François Weyergans, Belgian director and screenwriter (d. 2022)
  • 1942 – Isabel Allende, Chilean-American novelist, essayist, essayist
  • 1942 – Leo Beenhakker, Dutch football manager
  • 1942 – Juan Formell, Cuban singer-songwriter and bass player (d. 2014)
  • 1942 – Nell Irvin Painter, American author and historian
  • 1943 – Herbert M. Allison, American lieutenant and businessman (d. 2013)
  • 1943 – Tom Burgmeier, American baseball player and coach
  • 1943 – Jon R. Cavaiani, English-American sergeant, Medal of Honor recipient (d. 2014)
  • 1943 – Rose Tremain, English novelist and short story writer
  • 1944 – Jim Capaldi, English drummer and singer-songwriter (d. 2005)
  • 1944 – Naná Vasconcelos, Brazilian singer and berimbau player (d. 2016)
  • 1945 – Joanna Cassidy, American actress
  • 1945 – Alex Jesaulenko, Austrian-Australian footballer and coach
  • 1945 – Bunker Roy, Indian educator and activist
  • 1945 – Eric Simms, Australian rugby league player and coach
  • 1946 – James Howe, American journalist and author
  • 1947 – Ruth Bakke, Norwegian organist and composer
  • 1947 – Lawrence Wright, American journalist, author, and screenwriter
  • 1948 – Andy Fairweather Low, Welsh singer-songwriter, guitarist, and producer
  • 1948 – Dennis Prager, American radio host and author
  • 1948 – Tapan Kumar Sarkar, Indian-American electrical engineer and academic (d. 2021)[14][15]
  • 1948 – James Street, American football and baseball player (d. 2013)
  • 1948 – Snoo Wilson, English playwright and screenwriter (d. 2013)
  • 1949 – James Fallows, American journalist and author
  • 1949 – Bertalan Farkas, Hungarian general and astronaut
  • 1950 – Jussi Adler-Olsen, Danish author and publisher
  • 1950 – Ted Turner, British guitarist
  • 1951 – Andrew Gold, American singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2011)
  • 1951 – Steve Hillage, English singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1951 – Joe Lynn Turner, American singer-songwriter and guitarist
  • 1951 – Per Westerberg, Swedish businessman and politician, Speaker of the Parliament of Sweden
  • 1952 – Alain Giresse, French footballer and manager[16]
  • 1953 – Donnie Munro, Scottish singer and guitarist
  • 1953 – Butch Patrick, American actor[17]
  • 1953 – Anthony Seldon, English historian and author
  • 1954 – Sammy McIlroy, Northern Irish footballer and manager
  • 1955 – Caleb Carr, American historian and author
  • 1955 – Tony Godden, English footballer and manager
  • 1955 – Butch Vig, American drummer, songwriter, and record producer
  • 1956 – Fulvio Melia, Italian-American physicist, astrophysicist, and author
  • 1957 – Jacky Rosen, United States senator [18]
  • 1959 – Victoria Jackson, American actress and singer
  • 1959 – Johnny Kemp, Bahamian singer-songwriter and producer (d. 2015)
  • 1959 – Apollonia Kotero, American singer and actress
  • 1960 – Linda Fratianne, American figure skater
  • 1960 – Neal Morse, American singer and keyboard player
  • 1960 – David Yow, American singer-songwriter
  • 1961 – Pete de Freitas, Trinidadian-British drummer and producer (d. 1989)
  • 1962 – Lee Mavers, English singer, songwriter and guitarist
  • 1962 – Cynthia Stevenson, American actress[19]
  • 1963 – Laura Bennett, American architect and fashion designer
  • 1963 – Uğur Tütüneker, Turkish footballer and manager
  • 1964 – Frank Biela, German race car driver
  • 1964 – Mary-Louise Parker, American actress
  • 1965 – Joe Hockey, Australian lawyer and politician, 38th Treasurer of Australia
  • 1965 – Hisanobu Watanabe, Japanese baseball player and coach
  • 1966 – Takashi Iizuka, Japanese wrestler
  • 1966 – Grainne Leahy, Irish cricketer
  • 1966 – Tim Wakefield, American baseball player and sportscaster
  • 1967 – Aaron Krickstein, American tennis player
  • 1967 – Aline Brosh McKenna, American screenwriter and producer
  • 1968 – Stefan Effenberg, German footballer and sportscaster
  • 1969 – Cedric Ceballos, American basketball player
  • 1969 – Fernando Couto, Portuguese footballer and manager
  • 1970 – Tony Amonte, American ice hockey player and coach
  • 1970 – Kevin Smith, American actor, director, producer, and screenwriter[20]
  • 1970 – Philo Wallace, Barbadian cricketer
  • 1971 – Jason Bell, Australian rugby league player
  • 1971 – Michael Hughes, Irish footballer and manager
  • 1972 – Mohamed Al-Deayea, Saudi Arabian footballer
  • 1972 – Muriel Bowser, American politician, Mayor of Washington, D.C.[21]
  • 1973 – Danie Keulder, Namibian cricketer
  • 1973 – Miguel Mendonca, Zimbabwean journalist and author
  • 1973 – Susie O'Neill, Australian swimmer
  • 1974 – Phil Williams, English journalist and radio host
  • 1975 – Mineiro, Brazilian footballer
  • 1975 – Xu Huaiwen, Chinese-German badminton player and coach
  • 1975 – Tamás Molnár, Hungarian water polo player
  • 1976 – Reyes Estévez, Spanish runner
  • 1976 – Jay Heaps, American soccer player and coach
  • 1976 – Michael Weiss, American figure skater
  • 1976 – Sam Worthington, English-Australian actor and producer[19]
  • 1976 – Mohammad Zahid, Pakistani cricketer
  • 1977 – Edward Furlong, American actor[19]
  • 1978 – Goran Gavrančić, Serbian footballer
  • 1978 – Matt Guerrier, American baseball player
  • 1978 – Deividas Šemberas, Lithuanian footballer
  • 1978 – Dragan Vukmir, Serbian footballer
  • 1979 – Marco Bonura, Italian footballer
  • 1979 – Reuben Kosgei, Kenyan runner
  • 1980 – Ivica Banović, Croatian footballer
  • 1981 – Alexander Emelianenko, Russian mixed martial artist and boxer
  • 1981 – Tim Murtagh, Irish-English cricketer
  • 1982 – Hélder Postiga, Portuguese footballer
  • 1982 – Kerry Rhodes, American football player
  • 1982 – Grady Sizemore, American baseball player
  • 1983 – Michel Bastos, Brazilian footballer
  • 1984 – Giampaolo Pazzini, Italian footballer
  • 1985 – Stephen Ferris, Irish rugby player
  • 1985 – David Hart Smith, Canadian wrestler
  • 1985 – Britt Nicole, American Christian pop artist
  • 1986 – Mathieu Razanakolona, Canadian skier
  • 1988 – Rob Kwiet, Canadian ice hockey player
  • 1989 – Nacer Chadli, Belgian footballer
  • 1990 – Ima Bohush, Belarusian tennis player
  • 1990 – Vitalia Diatchenko, Russian tennis player[22]
  • 1990 – Skylar Diggins-Smith, American basketball player[23]
  • 1992 – Charli XCX, English singer-songwriter[24]
  • 1993 – Gael Bussa, Congolese politician[25]
  • 1994 – Laura Pigossi, Brazilian tennis player
  • 1994 – Laremy Tunsil, American football player
  • 1995 – Kristaps Porziņģis, Latvian basketball player
  • 1996 – Keston Hiura, American baseball player[26]
  • 1996 – Simone Manuel, American swimmer[27]
  • 1999 – Mark Lee, Korean-Canadian singer[28]
  • 2000 – Varvara Gracheva, Russian tennis player[29]

Deaths

Pre-1600
  • 216 BC – Gnaeus Servilius Geminus, Roman consul
  • 216 BC – Lucius Aemilius Paullus, Roman consul and general
  • 216 BC – Marcus Minucius Rufus, Roman consul
  • 257 – Pope Stephen I
  • 575 – Ahudemmeh, Syriac Orthodox Grand Metropolitan of the East.[30]
  • 640 – Pope Severinus
  • 686 – Pope John V[31]
  • 855 – Ahmad ibn Hanbal, Arab theologian and jurist (b. 780)
  • 924 – Ælfweard of Wessex (b. 904)
  • 1075 – Patriarch John VIII of Constantinople
  • 1100 – William II of England (b. 1056)[32]
  • 1222 – Raymond VI, Count of Toulouse (b. 1156)
  • 1277 – Mu'in al-Din Sulaiman Pervane, Chancellor and Regent of the Sultanate of Rum
  • 1316 – Louis of Burgundy (b. 1297)
  • 1330 – Yolande of Dreux, Queen consort of Scotland and Duchess consort of Brittany (b. 1263)[33]
  • 1332 – King Christopher II of Denmark (b. 1276)
  • 1415 – Thomas Grey, English conspirator (b. 1384)
  • 1445 – Oswald von Wolkenstein, Austrian poet and composer (b. 1376)
  • 1451 – Elizabeth of Görlitz (b. 1390)
  • 1511 – Andrew Barton, Scottish admiral (b. 1466)
  • 1512 – Alessandro Achillini, Italian physician and philosopher (b. 1463)
  • 1589 – Henry III of France (b. 1551)

1601–1900
  • 1605 – Richard Leveson, English admiral (b. c. 1570)
  • 1611 – Katō Kiyomasa, Japanese daimyō (b. 1562)
  • 1667 – Francesco Borromini, Swiss architect, designed San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane and Sant'Agnese in Agone (b. 1599)
  • 1696 – Robert Campbell of Glenlyon (b. 1630)
  • 1769 – Daniel Finch, 8th Earl of Winchilsea, English politician, Lord President of the Council (b. 1689)
  • 1788 – Thomas Gainsborough, English painter (b. 1727)
  • 1799 – Jacques-Étienne Montgolfier, French inventor, co-invented the hot air balloon (b. 1745)
  • 1815 – Guillaume Brune, French general and politician (b. 1763)
  • 1823 – Lazare Carnot, French mathematician, general, and politician, president of the National Convention (b. 1753)
  • 1834 – Harriet Arbuthnot, English diarist (b. 1793)
  • 1849 – Muhammad Ali of Egypt, Ottoman Albanian commander (b. 1769)
  • 1854 – Heinrich Clauren, German author (b. 1771)
  • 1859 – Horace Mann, American educator and politician (b. 1796)
  • 1876 – "Wild Bill" Hickok, American sheriff (b. 1837)
  • 1889 – Eduardo Gutiérrez, Argentinian author (b. 1851)
  • 1890 – Louise-Victorine Ackermann, French poet and author (b. 1813)

1901–present
  • 1903 – Eduard Magnus Jakobson, Estonian missionary and engraver (b. 1847)
  • 1903 – Edmond Nocard, French veterinarian and microbiologist (b. 1850)
  • 1913 – Ferenc Pfaff, Hungarian architect and academic, designed Zagreb Central Station (b. 1851)
  • 1915 – John Downer, Australian politician, 16th premier of South Australia (b. 1843)
  • 1917 – Jaan Mahlapuu, Estonian military pilot (b. 1894)
  • 1921 – Enrico Caruso, Italian tenor and actor (b. 1873)
  • 1922 – Alexander Graham Bell, Scottish-Canadian engineer, invented the telephone (b. 1847)
  • 1923 – Warren G. Harding, American journalist and politician, 29th president of the United States (b. 1865)
  • 1923 – Joseph Whitty, Irish Hunger Striker (b. 1904)[34]
  • 1934 – Paul von Hindenburg, German field marshal and politician, 2nd president of Germany (b. 1847)
  • 1937 – Artur Sirk, Estonian soldier, lawyer, and politician (b. 1900)
  • 1939 – Harvey Spencer Lewis, American mystic and author (b. 1883)
  • 1945 – Pietro Mascagni, Italian composer and educator (b. 1863)
  • 1955 – Alfred Lépine, Canadian ice hockey player and coach (b. 1901)
  • 1955 – Wallace Stevens, American poet and educator (b. 1879)
  • 1963 – Oliver La Farge, American anthropologist and author (b. 1901)
  • 1967 – Walter Terence Stace, English-American epistemologist, philosopher, and academic (b. 1886)
  • 1970 – Angus MacFarlane-Grieve, English academic, mathematician, rower, and soldier (b. 1891)
  • 1972 – Brian Cole, American bass player (b. 1942)
  • 1972 – Paul Goodman, American psychotherapist and author (b. 1911)
  • 1972 – Helen Hoyt, American poet and author (b. 1887)
  • 1973 – Ismail Abdul Rahman, Former Deputy Prime Minister of Malaysia (b.1915)[35]
  • 1973 – Jean-Pierre Melville, French actor, director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1917)
  • 1974 – Douglas Hawkes, English race car driver and businessman (b. 1893)
  • 1976 – László Kalmár, Hungarian mathematician and academic (b. 1905)
  • 1976 – Fritz Lang, Austrian-American director, producer, and screenwriter (b. 1890)
  • 1978 – Carlos Chávez, Mexican composer and conductor (b. 1899)
  • 1978 – Antony Noghès, French businessman, founded the Monaco Grand Prix (b. 1890)
  • 1979 – Thurman Munson, American baseball player (b. 1947)[36]
  • 1981 – Kieran Doherty, Irish hunger striker and politician (b. 1955)[37]
  • 1981 – Stefanie Clausen, Danish diver (b. 1900)
  • 1983 – James Jamerson, American bass player[38] (b. 1936)
  • 1986 – Roy Cohn, American lawyer and politician (b. 1927)
  • 1988 – Joe Carcione, American activist and author (b. 1914)
  • 1988 – Raymond Carver, American short story writer and poet (b. 1938)
  • 1990 – Norman Maclean, American short story writer and essayist (b. 1902)
  • 1990 – Edwin Richfield, English actor and screenwriter (b. 1921)
  • 1992 – Michel Berger, French singer-songwriter and producer (b. 1947)
  • 1996 – Michel Debré, French lawyer and politician, 150th prime minister of France (b. 1912)
  • 1996 – Obdulio Varela, Uruguayan footballer and manager (b. 1917)
  • 1996 – Mohamed Farrah Aidid, Somalian general and politician, 5th president of Somalia (b. 1934)[39]
  • 1997 – William S. Burroughs, American novelist, short story writer, and essayist (b. 1914)
  • 1997 – Fela Kuti, Nigerian singer-songwriter and activist (b. 1938)
  • 1998 – Shari Lewis, American television host and puppeteer (b. 1933)
  • 1999 – Willie Morris, American writer (b. 1934)
  • 2003 – Peter Safar, Austrian-American physician and academic (b. 1924)
  • 2004 – Ferenc Berényi, Hungarian painter and academic (b. 1929)
  • 2004 – François Craenhals, Belgian illustrator (b. 1926)
  • 2004 – Heinrich Mark, Estonian lawyer and politician, 5th prime minister of Estonia in exile (b. 1911)
  • 2005 – Steven Vincent, American journalist and author (b. 1955)
  • 2007 – Chauncey Bailey, American journalist (b. 1950)
  • 2008 – Fujio Akatsuka, Japanese illustrator (b. 1935)
  • 2011 – José Sanchis Grau, Spanish author and illustrator (b. 1932)
  • 2012 – Gabriel Horn, English biologist and academic (b. 1927)
  • 2012 – Magnus Isacsson, Canadian director and producer (b. 1948)
  • 2012 – Jimmy Jones, American singer-songwriter (b. 1930)
  • 2012 – John Keegan, English historian and journalist (b. 1934)
  • 2012 – Bernd Meier, German footballer (b. 1972)
  • 2012 – Marguerite Piazza, American soprano (b. 1920)
  • 2013 – Julius L. Chambers, American lawyer and activist (b. 1936)
  • 2013 – Richard E. Dauch, American businessman, co-founded American Axle (b. 1942)
  • 2013 – Alla Kushnir, Russian–Israeli chess player (b. 1941)
  • 2014 – Ed Joyce, American journalist (b. 1932)
  • 2014 – Billie Letts, American author and educator (b. 1938)
  • 2014 – Barbara Prammer, Austrian social worker and politician (b. 1954)
  • 2014 – James Thompson, American-Finnish author (b. 1964)
  • 2015 – Forrest Bird, American pilot and engineer (b. 1921)
  • 2015 – Giovanni Conso, Italian jurist and politician, Italian Minister of Justice (b. 1922)
  • 2015 – Piet Fransen, Dutch footballer (b. 1936)
  • 2015 – Jack Spring, American baseball player (b. 1933)[40]
  • 2016 – Terence Bayler, New Zealand actor (b. 1930)
  • 2016 – David Huddleston, American actor (b. 1930)
  • 2016 – Franciszek Macharski, Polish cardinal (b. 1927)
  • 2016 – Ahmed Zewail, Egyptian-American chemist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1946)
  • 2017 – Judith Jones, American literary and cookbook editor (b. 1924)[41]
  • 2020 – Suzanne Perlman, Hungarian-Dutch visual artist (b. 1922)[42]
  • 2022 – Vin Scully, American sportscaster and game show host (b. 1927)[43]

Holidays and observances

References
  1. Gagarin, Michael (31 December 2009). The Oxford Encyclopedia of Ancient Greece and Rome. Oxford University Press. p. 81. ISBN 978-0-19-517072-6.
  2. Legrand, Jacques (1989). Chronicle of the World. Eca, Publication. p. 192. ISBN 0-13-133463-8.
  3. "Abderramán III, el primer califa andalusí". 26 June 2019.
  4. Tolmunen, Tapio (2002). Mutkatonta matkaa vuodesta 1982. Raka spår från år 1982 (in Finnish). Helsinki: Helsingin kaupungin liikennelaitos. pp. 43–44. ISBN 951-8926-84-0.
  5. "Helsinki City Transport - About HKL - History - A brief history of the metro". Helsinki City Transport. 19 March 2012. Archived from the original on 12 May 2015. Retrieved 21 September 2013.
  6. Lengermann, Patricia M.; Niebrugge-Brantley, Jill (1998). "Marianne Weber (1870- 1954): A Woman-Centered Sociology". The Women Founders: Sociology and Social Theory, 1830-1930 : a Text/reader. Boston: McGraw-Hill. p. 194. ISBN 978-1-57766-509-0.
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